新生儿肾脏输尿管膀胱的组织学观察

本文观察了新生儿肾脏12例、输尿管10例和膀胱7例,测量了肾单位各段的最大直径,计算出均数与标准差。结果表明:1.新生儿肾的发育程度与体重有关,新生儿的体重从1400～3200g,肾皮质浅层的生肾区逐渐变薄、消失,生肾区内的肾小体呈S形,肾小管为实心细胞团;肾皮质的肾小体从5～6代逐渐增加到10多代,每个肾小体的体积逐渐增大,肾小管管径逐渐增粗,致密斑的细胞由矮变高;球外系膜细胞逐渐增多;集合管上皮细胞由深染的立方细胞变成淡染的柱状细胞。2.皮质深层的肾小体已分化成熟,而浅层的较幼稚。3.出生后存活时间越长,肾单位各段的直径越大,表明出生后肾继续发育。4.细段上皮细胞为立方形。

HISTOLOGICAL OBSERVATION OF THE RENAL,URETER AND BLADDER IN THE NEWBORN

We observed 12 kidneys, 10 ureteres and 7 bladders of newborn, measured maximal diameters of all the segments in the nephron, and worked out the mean and standard error of every group. The principal findings are tke following. (1) The renal development of the newbornis related to the body weight. When newborns are growing from 1400 grams to 3200 grams, the negerogenic zone become thiner and disappear in the superficial layer of the cortex, the renal corpucles are S-shaped and the renal tubules are not hollow but masses of cells in this zone the renal corpucle of cortex from 5 to 6 generations may reach 10 generations or more. Each of the renal corpucles and the renal tubules become larger in size; the cell of then macula densa grows taller and taller the number of extraglomcrular mesangial cell is on the increase; the cuboidal and dark stained epithelial cells of collecting tubules become columner and light. (2) While it is immature in the superficial layer, the renal corpucles in deep layer have grown mature. (3 ) The longer the living time of the nephron, the larger it will be in diamete of all the segment after birth. These proved that the renal development, is continuous in this time. (4) The epithelial cells of thin segments are cuboidal cell still