2008-2015年上海市15~69岁居民健康素养变化趋势及相关因素研究

目的 了解上海市居民健康素养的现状,为制定卫生政策和干预策略提供依据。方法 采取多阶段随机抽样方法,2008-2015年对上海市15~69岁常住居民进行抽样调查。结果 上海市15~69岁居民健康素养水平逐年上升,2015年为21.94%,较2008年提升了14.97%。在健康素养的3个方面中,基本知识和理念、健康基本技能历年均较健康生活方式与行为素养水平高;健康素养的6类问题中,除了传染病防治素养和健康信息素养,其余素养水平均有明显提升。各类人群的健康素养水平在过去8年间均有不同程度的提升,但农村居民、文化程度较低的人群健康素养水平历年均相对较低且增长相对缓慢。结论 健康素养干预成效显著,需要进一步强化薄弱人群的健康素养。

Research on health literacy evolution and correlative factors among residents of 15-69 years old in Shanghai during 2008-2015

Objective To understand the current status of health literacy among Shanghai residents, and to provide information for developing health policy and health education intervention strategies. Methods During 2008-2015, residents of 15-69 years old in Shanghai were investigated, with multi-stage stratified random sampling method. Results Annual increase of health literacy among Shanghai residents of 15-69 years old was witnessed, i.e. 21.94% in 2015, an increase of 14.97% compared with that in 2008. Among three aspects of health literacy, the level of basic health concept and knowledge, and the level of health related skills were higher than the level of health lifestyle and behaviors. Among six types of health issues, except for infectious disease prevention and health information, the health literacy level of other four health issues were improved significantly. During the past eight years, the health literacy level of all types of people improved. However, the health literacy level among residents in rural area or with low education level was lower than other groups, and was increasing with slower pace. Conclusion The intervention of health literacy gains obvious benefits, however, intensive intervention is required for residents with lower health literacy.