食物变态反应性疾病原因筛查

目的分析过敏原特异性IgE、IgG在食物变态反应性疾病患者中的意义,为食物变态反应性疾病的防治提供依据。方法采用酶联免疫吸附实验（ELISA）方法检测食物过敏疾病患者血清中总IgE、食物特异性IgE、IgG。IgE检测283例,IgG检测120例。结果食物特异性IgG阳性101例,阳性率84.2%。血清总IgE检测276例,阳性率97.5%;食物特异性IgE阳性90例,阳性率31.8%。特异性IgE检测中鱼过敏原特异性IgE的阳性率最高,为12.0%。特异性IgG检测中蛋清/蛋黄IgG阳性率最高,为55%,其次为蟹35%,牛奶29.2%,虾25%。IgG抗体检测儿童与成人对食物过敏种类上存在明显差异,儿童以蛋清/蛋黄、牛奶为主,成人以蟹、虾为主。结论鱼、甲壳类（蟹、虾）、蛋清/蛋黄、牛奶是食物变态反应性疾病的主要过敏原。血清总IgE、食物特异性IgE、IgG抗体检测是食物变态反应性疾病比较可靠的筛查方法。

Allergen Screening in Food Allergic Disease

Objective To analyze specific IgE and IgG in the diagnosis of food allergy patient,and to provide evidences for food allergic disease. Methods Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was used to detect serum total IgE,food specific IgE and IgG for the food hypersensitivity disease patients.283 patients were assessed for total IgE and specific IgE,and 120 patients for IgG. Results 101 patients were positive in food specific IgG,and the positive rate was 84.2%.276 patients were positive in IgE,and the positive rate was 97.5%.90 patients were positive in specific IgE,with the positive rate of 31.8%.In specific IgE detection,the positive rate of fish was the highest,accounted for 12.0%.In specific IgG detection,the positive rate of egg white/yolk was higher than other allergens,which accounted for 55%,and followed by crab(35%),milk(29.2%),and shrimp(25%).The differences of food allergen between adult and children in detection of IgG antibody were significant;the major allergens for children was egg white/yolk and milk,while crab and shrimp were the main allergens for adults. Conclusions Fish,carapace(crab and shrimp),egg white/yolk,and milk are the major food allergens in food allergic disease.Detection of total IgE,specific allergen IgE,and IgG antibody is a valid and reliable screening method in diagnosis of food allergy disease.