阿尔茨海默病与帕金森病痴呆的认知功能及精神行为特征对照分析

目的:对比分析阿尔茨海默病与帕金森病痴呆的认知功能及精神行为的异同点。方法:选取本院接诊的阿尔茨海默病患者52例(AD组)和帕金森病痴呆患者32例(PDD组),采用相关量表(CDR、MMSE、MoCA、CDT、CNPI)评估两组患者的认知功能、精神行为症状,总结各组的认知功能及精神行为特征。结果:两组的痴呆严重程度、MMSE、MoCA总分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。与AD组相比,PDD组的CDT评分更低、CNPI评分更高(P0.05)。AD组与PDD组在命名、注意、语言、抽象思维、定向维度的评分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。与PDD组相比,AD组的视空间/执行功能评分更高,记忆维度、延迟记忆维度评分更低(P0.05)。两组的妄想、欣快、脱抑制、异常运动行为、睡眠夜间行为、食欲进食障碍发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。与AD组相比,PDD组的幻觉、激越、抑郁发生率更高,焦虑、淡漠、易激惹发生率更低(P0.05)。结论:相比AD,PDD的执行功能和视空间功能损伤更为严重,PDD的精神行为症状以幻觉、激越、抑郁居多,而AD多见焦虑、淡漠、易激惹。

Comparative Analysis of Cognitive Function and Mental Behavior Characteristics Between Alzheimer's Disease and Parkinson's Disease Dementia

To compare the cognitive function and mental behavior between Alzheimer''s disease (AD) and Parkinson''s disease (PD). Methods: Fifty-two patients with AD (AD group) and 32 patients with PD (PDD group) in our hospital were enrolled. The cognitive function and mental behavior of the two groups were evaluated by relevant assessments (CDR, MMSE, MoCA, CDT, and CNPI). The cognitive function and mental behavior characteristics of each group were summarized. Results: There was no significant difference in dementia severity and in MMSE and MoCA scores between the two groups (P>0.05). Compared with that of the AD group, CDT score of the PDD group was significantly lower and CNPI score was significantly higher (P< 0.05). There were no significant difference in naming, attention, language, abstract thinking, and orientation between the AD group and PDD group (P>0.05). Compared with the PDD group, the AD group had higher scores in visuospatial/executive function and lower scores in memory and delayed memory dimensions (P< 0.05). There were no significant difference between the two groups in the incidence of delusion, euphoria, inhibition, abnormal movement behavior, nighttime sleep behavior, appetite, and eating disorders (P>0.05). Compared with that in the AD group, the incidence of hallucination, agitation, and depression in the PDD group was higher, and the incidence of anxiety, indifference, and irritability were lower (P<0.05). Conclusion: Compared to AD, PDD shows greater impairment of executive function and visuospatial function. The mental behavior symptoms of PDD are hallucination, agitation, and depression, while those of AD are anxiety, indifference, and irritability.