阴道微生物在宫颈癌中作用机制的研究进展

宫颈癌是妇产科最常见的恶性肿瘤,在2018年全球女性恶性肿瘤数据统计中,宫颈癌的发病率和死亡率处于第4位,有关宫颈癌的研究一直是妇产科学者关注的热点。近年随着微生物组学的展开,阴道微生物群的组成和变动与人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）的侵袭、持续感染及宫颈癌的相关性探讨逐步增多。乳酸杆菌在正常宫颈阴道菌群中占据主导地位,其可以维持阴道微生态的平衡、抑制病原微生物生长以及增强阴道的局部抗感染和抗肿瘤能力,有望成为未来治疗宫颈癌的新策略。目前研究表明,阴道微生物群的异常变化与宫颈癌发生发展有一定的关联,有些阴道细菌通过不同的机制直接或间接发挥作用。就阴道微生物群的抗癌作用机制及其应用于宫颈癌的潜力进行综述。

Advances in the Mechanism of Vaginal Microbiota in Cervical Cancer

Cervical cancer is the most common malignant tumor in gynecology.The report"global cancer statistics 2018"shows that cervical cancer ranks fourth in morbidity and mortality in female tumors worldwide.The research on cervical cancer has always been the focus of gynecological scholars.In recent years,with the development of microbiome,the composition and changes of vaginal microbiota and the invasion of human papillomavirus(HPV),persistent infection and cervical cancer are gradually increasing.Lactobacillus dominates the normal cervicovaginal flora.It can maintain the balance of vaginal microecology,inhibit the growth of pathogenic microorganisms,and enhance the local anti-infection and anti-tumor ability of the vagina.It is expected to become a new strategy for the treatment of cervical cancer in the future.Current studies have shown that abnormal changes of vaginal microflora are associated with the occurrence and development of cervical cancer,and some vaginal bacteria play a role directly or indirectly through different mechanisms.This paper reviews the anti-cancer mechanism of vaginal microflora and its potential application in cervical cancer.