蜕膜化缺陷在子痫前期发病机制中的研究进展

子痫前期是一种严重影响孕产妇和胎儿健康的妊娠期高血压疾病。其病因和发病机制至今尚未阐明,如何有效地预测、诊断和治疗子痫前期,一直是妇产科学界关注的焦点。子宫内膜的蜕膜化为胚胎着床和胚胎发育提供必需的营养和免疫豁免基质。而蜕膜细胞的生物学功能（增殖、分化、凋亡、血管发生和能量代谢等）紊乱所致的蜕膜化缺陷,可影响滋养层细胞的侵袭、炎症抵抗、氧化应激及免疫保护,影响胚胎着床和妊娠维持,从而调控子痫前期的发生、发展。充分了解蜕膜细胞的生物学功能异常所致的蜕膜化缺陷在子痫前期发病机制中的作用,将有助于为预测及诊治子痫前期提供更多的理论依据。

The Advance of Impaired Decidualization in the Pathogenesis of Preeclampsia

Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-related disorder which seriously affects maternal and fetal health. Its etiology and pathogenesis have not been clarified yet. How to predict, diagnose and treat preeclampsia has always been the focus of attention in the field of obstetrics and gynecology. Decidualization of the endometrium provides a critical nutrient and immune matrix for embryo implantation and development. However, impaired decidualization caused by biological dysfunction of decidual cells (proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, angiogenesis and energy metabolism) can affect the invasion of trophoblast cells, resistance to inflammation, oxidative stress, and immune protection, and impair embryo implantation and pregnancy maintenance, and thus regulate the occurrence and development of preeclampsia. To fully understand the role of decidualization defeat caused by abnormal biological function of decidual cells in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia will provide more theoretical basis for the prediction, diagnosis and treatment of preeclampsia.