代谢组学技术在多组分中药药代动力学中的应用

传统的药代动力学研究的是单一或者几种有效成分在生物体内的动态变化过程。中药的多组分、多靶点、多效应等特点决定了其药代动力学的复杂性。药代动力学研究的片面性将限制人们对中药、复方制剂的药理和毒理认识的准确性，已成为中医药现代化研究中的瓶颈之一。代谢组学技术依托先进的高通量测试平台和多种大数据挖掘技术，能够同时获得并分析数百种甚至数千种小分子物质的波动情况，为复杂组分的PK 研究提供了新的契机。本文综述了2010年以来多组分中药的药代动力学研究进展，介绍了代谢组学技术在其中的成功应用，重点介绍了两种新的整合了代谢组学和传统PK思想的中药方证代谢组学和中药多组分药代动力学研究策略（Polypharmacokinetics，Poly-PK），并展望了两种研究策略在中药药理学研究中的发展前景和所面临的技术挑战。

The Application of Metabolomics in Pharmacokinetics to Multicomponent Herbal Medicine

The traditional approaches of pharmacokinetics(PK)focused on the dynamic changing process of single or several effective components of drugs in vivo,which was noted as limitations for the complexity studies on PK of multicomponent herbal medicine featuring multi-component,multi-target and multi-effect.It was turned into a bottleneck in the modernization process of traditional Chinese medicine,which could have made misunderstanding of pharmacological and toxicological knowledge of Chinese herbal medicine and its combination drugs.Owing to the advanced high-throughput platforms and various big data mining technology,metabolomics was capable for simultaneously detecting and depicting the variations of hundreds or even thousands of small molecules offering new opportunities for the PK studies on some complicated components.This review summarized recent PK studies over multicomponent drugs and chiefly introduced two remarkable applications to metabolomics in pharmacokinetics research,Chinmedomics and Poly-PK,integrating the theories of both metabolomics and traditional PK.The challenges and strengths of the two new strategies were also expounded.