桑蚕蛹的脂质营养组成

目的分析桑蚕蛹脂类营养组成,综合评价其营养价值。方法分别采用GC、TLC、HPLC法分析氯仿/甲醇萃取的蚕蛹脂质脂肪酸、生育酚、甾醇、磷脂含量及组成。结果蚕蛹的总脂质含量32.79%,蚕蛹油中最主要的脂肪酸有α-亚麻酸、油酸、棕榈酸、其次为亚油酸和硬脂酸。甾醇中胆固醇含量最高,其次为β-谷甾醇,分别占总甾醇的67.35%、19.21%。菜油甾醇、菜籽甾醇含量甚微。蚕蛹油中总生育酚含量为486mg/kg,其中α-,γ(+β)及δ-生育酚分别占总甾醇的44.85%、44.57%和10.85%.蚕蛹磷脂种类丰富,总磷脂水平为1.17mg/goil,其中磷酯酰胆碱含量最高(41.8%)。结论蚕蛹油含有丰富的功能因子,尤其富含α-亚麻酸、α-生育酚、β-谷甾醇及卵磷脂,是潜在的高营养价值的食用油。

THE NUTRITIONAL COMPOSITION OF LIPIDS IN SILKWORM CHRYSALIS

Objective To analyze the nutritional composition of lipids in silkworm chrysalis (Bombyx mori L.). Method Crude lipids were extracted by chloroform/methanol, and fatty acid, tocopherol, sterol and phospholipid composition in silkworm chrysalis were determined by GC, HPLC and TLC methods. Results Silkworm chrysalis was rich in lipid (32.79%) in which the most abundant fatty acids were C18:3 (32.79%), C18:1 (32.53%), C16:0 (22.42%), but C18:2 (4.37%), C18:0 (5.73%) and C16:1 (0.57%) were relatively less. The sterols included cholesterol (67.35%), β-sitosterol (19.21%), and trace amount of campesterol (0.28%) and brassicasterol (0.30%). Total tocopherols detected were at an average concentration of 486 mg/kg, including α-tocopherol (44.85%), γ(+ β )-tocopherol (44.57%), and δ-tocopherol (10.85%). The phospholipid content was about 1.17mg/g, among which, phosphorylcholine about 41.8%. Conclusion Silkworm chrystalis (Bombyx mori L.) could be a good source of nutritional edible oil rich in unsaturated fatty acid, phospholipids, phytosterols and tocopherols, particularly α-linolenic acid, β-sistosterol and α-tocopherol.