I类切口手术预防使用抗菌药物调查分析

目的了解本院I类切口手术预防用抗菌药物使用情况，加强抗菌药物的合理使用。方法采用回顾性调查的方法，随机抽查本院2011—07～2012—02的I类切VI手术225例，对其预防用抗菌药物情况进行统计分析。结果225例I类切口手术中，128例预防性使用抗菌药物，占56．9％。预防用药均为单用，术前用药1次的47例，占20．9％，24h内停药的24例，占10．7％，48h内停药的24例，占10．7％，超过48h停药的33例，占14．7％。抗菌药物品种分布为4类14种，头孢菌素的应用频次最高（53．8％），其次是青霉素类（6．7％）、林可霉素类（2．7％）、喹诺酮类（0．9％）。结论本院I类切口手术预防用抗菌药物存在预防用药比例较高，用药疗程过长，选药不规范，剂量不当的问题，需进一步加强规范管理。

Analysis of Prophylactic Antibiotics Use in Perioperative Patients with Type I Incision Operation

Objective To analyze the prophylactic application of antimicrobial drugs for perioperative patients with type I incision operation in order to enhance the rational application of antimicrobial drugs. Methods A total of 225 records of perioperative patients with type I incision operation which were filed between Jul. 2011 and Feb. 2012 were selected randomly from the hospital for retrospective analysis of prophylactic application of antibiotics. Results Among all the 225 cases, 128 cases （56.9%） received only one kind of antibiotics. 47 cases （20.9%） received a single dosage antibiotics before operation. 24 cases （ 10.7% ） received antibiotics in less than 24 h. The proportions of antibacterial regimen within and beyond 48 h were 10.7% and 14.6% respectively, corresponding to 24 cases and 33 cases. 14 kinds of antimicrobial agents from 4 categories were used in the operations. The cephalosporin was most frequently used with a rate of 53.8%, followed by penicillins （6.7%）, lincomycins （2.7%） and quinolone （0.9%）. Conclusion Problem existed in the use of prophylactic antibiotics for patients with type I incision operation in our hospital including： a high proportion of preventive medication, excessive medication regimen, improper chose of antibiotic category and dosage. Thus standardized management on the use of antibiotics needs to be implemented.