经外周插管的中心静脉导管的预处理对乳腺癌化疗患者机械性静脉炎发生率的影响

目的通过对导管的预处理及送管速度的控制,减少对血管内膜的刺激,以期降低机械性静脉炎的发生率。方法将需要插管化疗的女性乳癌患者分为两组,试验组对导管进行预处理,即插管前将导管浸泡在无菌生理盐水100ml加地塞米松5mg、利多卡因2ml的混合液中,时间1min,穿刺成功后缓慢匀速送入导管;对照组插管前导管不浸泡,穿刺成功后快速送入导管。结果对导管进行预处理之后,机械性静脉炎发生率由原来的26.7%降至10.7%,两组静脉炎的发生率差异有显著性(P(0.05)。结论插管前对导管进行浸泡、穿刺成功后缓慢匀速送管可以降低机械性静脉炎的发生率。

Influence of PICC catheter pretreatment on the mechanical phlebitis in breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy

Objective To reduce the stimulation of PICC catheter on the initima of vein and the occurrence of mechanical phlebitis through the pretreatment of PICC catheter and controlling the speed of inserting PICC catheter into the vein.Method The breast cancer patients were divided into two groups: test group and control group. The PICC catheters for the test group were pretreated. Before the PICC catheters were inserted into the vein, they were dipped in 100 ml of physiological saline solution containing dexamethasone 5 mg and lidocaine 2ml for 1 minute.Then the PICC catheter was inserted into the vein in uniform speed slowly (2 cm/s). The catheter for the control group was not pretreated with above steps.Results The occurrence rates of mechanical phlebitis were 10.7% and 26.7% for test and control groups respectively,with statistically significant difference between the two groups by Chi-square test with P<0.05.Conclusion The pretreatment of PICC catheter can significantly reduce the occurrence of mechanical phlebitis in the breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy.