护理本科生对护理关怀行为的认知及其影响因素

目的探讨护理本科生对护理关怀行为的认知及其影响因素,为培养护生的关怀理念、关怀能力及关怀行为提供依据。方法采用关怀维度测量表（caring di mensions inventory,CDI）对4个年级210名护生集中进行问卷调查。结果护生CDI测量结果总分为（74.43±13.61）分,属于中等程度,且随着年级升高呈现下降趋势。得分最高的5项依次为：真诚对待患者,把患者视为整体的人,为患者保密,观察患者的用药效果,指导患者有关自我照顾的事宜;得分最低的5项依次为：与患者分享你的个人问题,探究患者的生活方式,与患者同座,保持患者家属的知情,把患者需要放在首位。护生每学期参加社会活动次数、对护理关怀重要性的认同、对护理课程的兴趣等因素与关怀行为的认知呈显著正相关（P〈0.01）。结论护理本科生对护理关怀行为的认知水平有待提高,应对护生加强整体护理内涵及护理观念的教育,且重视学校、社会、家庭和临床的共同参与。可以通过增加学生社会活动的次数、促进学生对护理关怀重要性的认同及提升学生对护理课程的学习兴趣等措施来提高护生护理关怀行为的认知水平。

Research on Cognition of Nursing Undergraduates on Caring Behaviors and Its Related Factors

Objective To provide evidence for cultivating caring concept,caring ability and caring behaviors of nursing students by exploring the cognition of nursing undergraduates on caring behaviors and its related factors.Methods Caring dimensions inventory（CDI）was used to investigate 210 participants of four grades in a nursing school.Results The average score of CDI was（74.43±13.61）,which belonged to medium degree for the overall sampling.With the increasing of grades,the students＇ CDI score showed a tendency to decline.Among the scores of each item,the top 5 in order were：being honest with patients,getting to know the patient as a whole person,providing privacy for patients,observing the effects of medication on patients,instructing patients about an aspect of self-care;and the last 5 in order were：sharing your personal problems with patients,exploring patients＇ lifestyle,sitting with patients,keeping relatives informed about patients,putting the needs of patients before your own.For the nursing students,the times of social activities,agreements with importance of nursing caring behaviors and interest in nursing curriculum showed a positive correlation with the cognition of caring behaviors（P〈0.01）.Conclusion The cognition level of caring behaviors of undergraduate nursing students should be improved by strenthening the education on the intension of holistic nursing and nursing concept,with a focus on the involvement of school,society,family,and clinical departments.The students＇ cognition of caring behaviors can be improued by increasing frequencies of social activities,promoting agreements about the importance of nursing caring behaviors,and inspiring students＇ learning interests.