荧光定量聚合酶链反应检测c-myc在乳腺癌诊断中的临床应用

目的建立荧光定量聚合酶链反应（FQ—PCR）法检测核内原癌基因c—myc表达水平，探讨其在乳腺癌诊断和治疗监测中的应用。方法建立FQ—PCR法，并以β2-微球蛋白作为内对照测定30名健康女性体检者、30例良性乳腺疾病患者和81例乳腺癌患者外周血中c-myc的表达水平。结果c—myc表达水平在正常对照组和良性乳腺疾病组间差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05），乳腺癌组均高于前2组（P〈0．05），β2-微球蛋自在3组间差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。81例乳腺癌患者阳性率为40．7％，良性乳腺疾病组为0。c—myc表达水平与患者年龄和肿瘤大小和类型无关（P〉0．05），与乳腺癌临床分期、组织学分级以及腋淋巴结转移相关（P〈0．05）。结论FQ—PCR技术是高灵敏度、高特异性的快速定量检测c—myc方法，可有效监测乳腺癌的诊断、疗效、转移和预后。

The clinical application of fluorescent quantification polymerase chain reaction to detect c-myc gene in the diagnosis of breast cancer

Objective To evaluate the clinical application of fluorescent quantification polymerase chain reaction （FQ-PCR） to detect the expression level of c-myc gene in the diagnosis of breast cancer. Methods The c-myc expression levels in the clinical samples of 30 healthy women, 30 patients with benign breast disease and 81 patients with breast cancer were detected by FQ-PCR. 132-microglobin was used as internal control. Results There was no statistical significance in c-myc expression level between healthy control group and benign breast disease group （ P 〉 0. 05 ）. The c-myc expression level in breast cancer group was higher than those in the other groups（P 〈 0. 05 ）. There was no statistical significance in β2-microglobin among the 3 groups（P 〉 0.05）. The positive rates of breast cancer and benign disease groups were 40.7% and 0 respectively. No significant association of c-myc expression among age, tumor size and tumor type was noted （ P 〉 0.05 ）, but its expression in breast cancer was correlated with clinical stage, histological grade and axillary metastatic lymph node （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusions FQ-PCR is a rapid, sensitive and specific method for quantitating c-myc gene. It also gives objective evidence to the diagnosis, therapy and metastasis of breast cancer.