低血糖生成指数膳食干预在妊娠糖尿病孕妇中的应用效果

目的探讨低血糖生成指数膳食干预在妊娠糖尿病孕妇中的应用效果。方法选择我院产科2017年1月至2019年3月收治的80例妊娠期糖尿病患者作为研究对象,依据随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组,每组40例。对照组实施常规饮食干预,观察组实施低血糖生成指数膳食干预。比较两组的干预效果。结果干预后,两组的空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、总胆固醇、甘油三酯及胰岛素抵抗指数均明显降低,且观察组低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组高血糖时间比、低血糖时间比、血糖波动系数、低血糖发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组的不良妊娠结局总发生率为5.00%,低于对照组的20.00%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。出生1、5 min时,观察组新生儿的Apgar评分高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论低血糖生成指数膳食干预可控制妊娠期糖尿病患者的血糖水平,维持血糖平稳,还可减轻机体胰岛素抵抗,纠正脂代谢异常,有利于改善母婴结局。

Application effect of low-glycemic index dietary in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus

Objective To explore the application effect of low-glycemic index dietary in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus.Methods From January 2017 to March 2019,80 patients with gestational diabetes mellitus in obstetrics department of our hospital were selected as the research objects and divided into control group and observation group according to the random number table method,with 40 cases in each group.The control group received routine dietary intervention,and the observation group received low-glycemic index dietary.The intervention effects were compared between the two groups.Results After intervention,fasting blood glucose,2 hours postprandial blood glucose,total cholesterol,triglyceride and insulin resistance index in the two groups decreased significantly,and those in the observation group were lower than the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).There were no significant differences between the two groups in the time ratio of hyperglycemia,time ratio of hypoglycemia,blood glucose fluctuation coefficient and incidence of hypoglycemia between the two groups(P>0.05).The total incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes was 5.00%in the observation group,which was lower than 20.00%in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).One minute and five minutes after birth,the Apgar scores of neonates in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Low-glycemic index dietary intervention can control the blood glucose level of gestational diabetes mellitus patients,maintain the stability of blood glucose,reduce the body's insulin resistance,correct the abnormal lipid metabolism,and improve maternal and infant outcomes.