2017年烟台市病毒性腹泻病原学监测分析

目的研究2017年烟台市病毒性腹泻病原学的分布特征,为感染性腹泻防治提供依据。方法采集烟台市二级以上医院2017年1月-12月的病毒性腹泻病例粪便标本。采用ELISA法检测轮状病毒(Rotavirus,RV),利用实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)法对得到的阳性标本进行RV-A病毒的检测,用RT-PCR法进一步对阳性标本进行基因分型。诺如病毒(Norovirus,NV)利用qRT-PCR法检测并分型。利用SPSS 17.0软件进行数据统计分析。结果共检测753份标本,ELISA法检测轮状病毒阳性率为16.33%(123例),qRT-PCR法检测阳性率轮状病毒A组为13.94%(105例),诺如病毒为10.36%(78例)。轮状病毒腹泻主要在冬春季流行,3月和12月份阳性率较高。诺如病毒全年均可发病,主要在6月份流行。2种病毒各年龄段均可感染,轮状病毒婴幼儿感染居多。2种病毒感染无性别差异。轮状病毒A组基因型以G9型和P[8]型为主,诺如病毒基因型以GⅡ型为主。结论病毒性腹泻全年均可发生,各年龄组男女均可感染。轮状病毒阳性检出率较高,为烟台地区病毒性腹泻的主要病原。

Analysis of pathogenic monitoring of virus diarrhea in Yantai in 2017

Objective To discuss etiological characteristics of virus diarrhea in Yantai in 2017 and provide reference for viral diarrhea prevention and control.Methods The pathogen of virus diarrhea was analyzed by collecting stool specimens from January to December in 2017.Rotavirus was detected by using ELISA.The positive samples were detected for RV-A virus by qRT-PCR.Genotyping of positive samples was further performed by RT-PCR.Norovirus and genotyping were detected by using qRT-PCR.SPSS 17.0 was used to analyze the results.Results In 753 samples,the positive rate of rotavirus detected by ELISA was 16.33%(123 cases).For Positive specimen,rotavirus A was 13.94%(105 cases)and norovirus was 10.36%(78 cases)detected by qRT-PCR.Rotavirus diarrhea was prevalent in winter and spring,and the positive rate was higher in March and December.Norovirus occurs all year round,mainly in June.All two viruses can be infected at all ages.Rotavirus infection is prevalent between infants and young children.There was no gender difference between the two viruses.The genotypes of RV-A were mainly G9 and P[8],while that of norovirus was mainly GII.Conclusion Viral diarrhea can occur throughout the year,and infection can be found in all age groups.The positive rate of rotavirus is high,and it is the main pathogen of virus diarrhea in Yantai area.