Effectiveness of a Pregnancy Smoking Cessation Program |
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Authors: | ANNETTE M. O''CONNOR RN Ph D BARBARA L. DAVIES RN MSc N CORINNE S. DULBERG Ph D MPH P. LYNN BUHLER RN MSc CLAUDETTE NADON R N MHA BEVERLY HASTINGS McBRIDE RN MA RONALD J. BENZIE MB FRCS FRCOG |
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Affiliation: | School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. |
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Abstract: | OBJECTIVE: To evaluate two nursing approaches to promoting smoking cessation during initial antenatal visits. DESIGN: Experimental, with assignment to interventions using a random, alternate-day strategy and blind assessment of smoking at baseline, 1 month postintervention, 36 weeks' gestation, and 6 weeks postpartum. SETTING/PARTICIPANTS: 224 daily smokers, fewer than 31 weeks gestation, during first prenatal visit, at a teaching hospital antenatal clinic. INTERVENTIONS: An evening class providing guidance on a self-help program for 2 hours on a group basis or 20 minutes on an individual basis during the prenatal appointment. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Smoking cessation, confirmed by urinary cotinine levels. RESULTS: All women assigned to the referral intervention received a referral, but none attended the classes. In contrast, 93% assigned to the immediate intervention received the intervention. The group receiving immediate intervention had two to three times higher rates of cessation at all follow-up periods, with significant differences at the 1-month follow-up. There were certain similarities between the groups. CONCLUSION: Cessation interventions should be administered during the first prenatal visit. |
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