382例医院感染患者现状分析与对策

目的：分析医院感染的发生情况，以便采取针对性措施，有效预防与控制医院感染。方法：对2012年在我院发生医院感染的382例患者的临床资料进行回顾性调查。结果：不同患者年龄、住院时间、原发疾病、侵入性操作等的医院感染发生率不同，年龄60岁以上人群占58.64%，住院7～30天占51.31%，颅脑疾病占19.64%，接受侵入性操作占66.23%。感染部位以呼吸道占首位，占70.68%。检出病原菌407株，主要为条件致病菌，以革兰氏阴性杆菌为主，占61.18%。结论：年龄大、住院时间较长（7～30天）、原发疾病重、接受侵入性操作的患者发生医院感染的可能性更大，重点关注以下人群，采取积极的预防与控制措施，可有效预防医院感染的发生。

Risk factors analysis of 382 cases of nosocomial infections

Objective：To analyze the risk factors of nosocomial infection. Methods：Clinical data of 382 cases from January 2011 to December 2012 were analyzed retrospectively. Results：Risk factors for hospital infection were related to the age of patients, hospitalization days, original diseases and invasive procedures. In those cases with hospital infections, 58.64%of them were 60 years old or above, 49.22%had been hospitalized for 7-30days, 19.64%had craniocerebral disease, 66.23%accepted invasive procedures. Infection of respiratory accounted for 70.68%. Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen （61.18%） topped the list of hospital infectious pathogens. Conclusion：The age, long stay in hospital, seriously primary diseases and invasive procedures were the risk factors for nosocomial infections. Implementing active interventions according to the risk factors may prevent nosocomial infections.