拟行结肠造口患者术前心理社会行为反应与心理社会需要、焦虑、抑郁的相关性研究

目的：探讨永久性结肠造口患者手术前心理社会行为反应与需要、焦虑、抑郁的相关性。方法：采用描述性相关研究，采用一般资料问卷、肠造口患者心理社会行为反应量表、肠造口患者心理社会需要量表、综合医院焦虑抑郁量表对60例即将行结肠造口手术的患者进行问卷调查。结果：①结肠造口患者术前的心理社会行为反应为中等水平，最常出现的反应依次为：重建反应〉认知反应〉退缩反应〉冲击反应。患者的心理社会需要处于中等偏高水平，焦虑、抑郁的发生率较低。②结肠造口患者术前心理社会行为反应总分与心理社会需要、焦虑、抑郁均呈正相关。结论：造口手术前医护人员应注意评估患者的需要及情绪状态，有针对性地满足其需要、缓解焦虑和抑郁，以促进患者积极的应激反应，更好地应对即将到来的造口手术。

A study of psychosocial behavior reaction,psychosocial needs,anxiety and depression among patients before colostomy surgery

Objective： To explore the relationships among psychosocial behavior reaction, psychosocial needs, anxiety and depression of colostomy patients before surgery. Methods： Sixty colostomy patients who were going to undergo surgery were selected. Demographic data scale （self-designed）, Ostomy Psychosocial Behavior Reaction Questionnaire （OPBRQ）, Ostomy Psychosocial Needs Questionnaire （OPNQ）, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale（HADS） were used to evaluate the relationships. Results： @ The psychosocial behavior reaction of colostomy patients before surgery was in the moderate level. The most common events were reconstruction, acknowledgement, retreat and impact in descending order. Patients＇ psychosocial needs were in the middle to high level and anxiety-depression showed a low incidence rate. Significant positive correlation was shown between psychosocial behavior reaction and psychosocial needs, anxiety-depression. Conclusion： Colostomy patients＇ needs and emotion should be paid enough attention to before surgery. Fulfillment of patients＇ specific needs and release of th1eir anxiety-depression emotion will help to raise patients＇ eustress and better preparation for the coming colostomy.