持续时间不同的游泳运动对饮食性高脂血症大鼠肝肾超微结构的影响

目的　探讨不同强度有氧耐力运动对饮食性高脂血症老年大鼠肝肾组织超微结构的影响。方法　建立饮食性高脂血症大鼠模型 ,采用不同强度的长期有氧游泳运动训练动物 ,透射电镜观察大鼠肝肾超微结构变化。结果　运动使肝细胞空泡变性明显减轻 ,线粒体、粗面内质网数目增多 ,粗面内质网结构保持正常 ,胆小管微绒毛清晰 ;肾小球滤过膜增厚减轻 ,内皮细胞孔恢复正常 ,足细胞足突融合消失 ,低运动强度组优于较高运动强度组。结论　低强度游泳运动对预防老年大鼠高脂饮食性肝肾超微结构损伤有更好保护作用 ,其机制可能与运动调节血脂、提高胰岛素敏感性、增强抗氧化能力有关

Effects of different swimming time on hepatic and renal ultrastructure in high-fat fed SD rats

Objectives Investigating the effects of long term aerobic swimming on hepatic and kidney's ultrastructure in high fat fed SD rats. Methods Hyperlipoproteinemia in rats was established by feeding high fat food. The ultrastructural changes of the liver and kidney of the rats under electron microscope were observed after the rats swam 15 weeks in two different intensities. Results Aerobic exercise intervention significantly reduced the number of vacuoles, increased the number of mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum, normalized the structure of endoplasmic reticulum in the liver cell cytoplasm and increased the number of microvillus in bile canaliculi of the rats; exercise intervention also significantly lowered the width of the glomerular basement membrane(GBM) and fusion of podocyte foot processes, restored the size and number of pore of endothelial cell in GBM of kidney. Conclusion Long term aerobic exercise alleviated the ultrastructural defects of liver and kidney in rats fed in high fat by lowering plasma lipids, increasing insulin sensibility to tissues and strengthening the ability of antioxidation of the body.