Zero-field remote detection of NMR with a microfabricated atomic magnetometer |
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| Authors: | Ledbetter M P Savukov I M Budker D Shah V Knappe S Kitching J Michalak D J Xu S Pines A |
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| Affiliation: | *Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-7300; ;†Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720; ;‡Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305; and ;§Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-7300 |
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| Abstract: | We demonstrate remote detection of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) with a microchip sensor consisting of a microfluidic channel and a microfabricated vapor cell (the heart of an atomic magnetometer). Detection occurs at zero magnetic field, which allows operation of the magnetometer in the spin-exchange relaxation-free (SERF) regime and increases the proximity of sensor and sample by eliminating the need for a solenoid to create a leading field. We achieve pulsed NMR linewidths of 26 Hz, limited, we believe, by the residence time and flow dispersion in the encoding region. In a fully optimized system, we estimate that for 1 s of integration, 7 x 10(13) protons in a volume of 1 mm(3), prepolarized in a 10-kG field, can be detected with a signal-to-noise ratio of approximately 3. This level of sensitivity is competitive with that demonstrated by microcoils in 100-kG magnetic fields, without requiring superconducting magnets. |
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| Keywords: | microfluidics signal-to-noise ratio mass-limited sample |
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