产妇毛发、静脉血及胎儿脐血微量元素相关性分析

目的研究必需和非必需微量元素在正常产妇毛发、静脉血及胎儿脐血间的分布规律，探讨胎盘屏障对母体和胎儿间微量元素转运的影响。方法选择60名健康住院分娩的产妇作为研究对象，分别采集每个产妇枕部毛发、静脉血和胎儿脐血，并对产妇日常生活中的洗发频率等因素进行问卷调查。实验室发样洗涤采用国际原子能机构推荐的洗涤程序进行，样品消化利用微波消化的方法，对样品中必需微量元素锌、铜、铬、锰、钴、钼，毒性元素铅、砷、镉、汞，以及稀土元素：镧、镨、钕、钇进行了ICP质谱分析。结果毛发中14种微量元素含量均显著高于静脉血和脐血；相关及偏相关分析均表明，产妇静脉血与胎儿脐血间锌、锰、钴、钼、铅、砷、汞、钇、镧、镨、钕显著正相关；毛发与胎儿脐血间铅、汞呈显著正相关；毛发与静脉血间锰和镉呈显著正相关。结论孕妇体内微量元素水平会直接影响到胎儿，毛发中微量元素含量可反应机体既往一定时期内的平均暴露水平。

Correlation studies of trace elements in mother's hair, venous blood and cord blood

Objective To study the distribution of selected nutritional and toxic trace elements in mother's hair, venous blood, and cord blood, and the blocking effects of the placental barrier to the transportation of trace elements from mother to her baby. Methods We selected 60 healthy women as the study subjects, and collected their scalp hair, venous blood and cord blood samples. We also collected hair washing frequency information, a confounding factor.Laboratory hair washing was performed according to the IAEA recommended procedure, and the microwave digestion method was used to digest hair and blood samples. Trace elements,detected by ICP-MS method, include: nutritional elements, Zn, Cu, Cr, Mn, Co and Mo; toxic elements, Pb, As, Cd and Hg; and the Lanthanons: La, Pr, Nd and Y. Results Levels of 14 elements in the hair were significantly higher than their corresponding levels in venous blood and cord blood. Both the correlation and the partial correlation studies showed that there were positive correlation relationships between venous blood and cord blood for elements of Zn, Mn, Co, Mo, Pb, As, Hg, Y, La, Pr and Nd, and positive correlation relationships were also found between mother's hair and cord blood for elements of Pb and HAs for the hair and the venous blood, positive correlation relationships were also found for elements of Mn and Cd. Conclusion Trace elements in mother's blood have influences on the fetus, and trace element in scalp hair reflects long-term average body exposure.