湖滩地区血吸虫病流行因素与优化控制策略的研究

本文报道了鄱阳湖区7个疫区村、13个单元人群血吸虫病再感染和疾病传播的规律,阐明了不同类型疫区中止化疗2年后疫情回升的动态,提出了4—6月间为湖区血吸虫在中间宿主—钉螺世代更替间的“交汇点”的新概念,提供了病牛为血吸虫病主要传染源的新证据,重申了耕牛化疗在疾病控制中的重要地位;在对比不同防治策略费用—效果的基础上,创用了评价近,中、远期效果的“综合指数”,并据此提出了以易感地带为中心,开展灭螺和家畜化疗同步控制疾病传播的设想,以及近期湖区血防目标及其优化控制策略的模式。

STUDY ON EPIDEMIOLOGY AND OPTIMAL STRATEGIES FOR CONTROL OF SCHISTOSOMIASIS JAPONICA IN LAKE MARSHLANDS REGION

A study on the factoers for the outcome of reinfection and transmission of schistosomi-asis in 13 units from 7 endemic villages in Poyang Lake region was made. It eleborated the re-currence pattern of endemicity after ceasation of mass chemotherapy. The breeding of suscep-tible young snails and infection with schistosome in April-June before the waterflood season played an important role for transmission of the parasitic infection while most of the old snails died in the flood period. The studies provided the new concept that infected cattle was a major source of schistosomiasis infection and reaffirmd the importance of treating the do-mestic animals in transmission control. A new composite index has been established to evalu-ate the effect of schistosomiasis control in short,middle and long term based in the cost-effect analysis. A new strategy for combining "snail control" with "cattle chemotherapy" in high risk marshlands to reduce the transmission of schistosomiasis has been set up,and a model for controlling schistosomiasis including "morbidity control" and "transmission control" in the near feature have been provided.