论在卫生行政处罚中实行“两次合议制”的必要性

卫生行政处罚是由卫生行政机关依法给予违法的卫生行政管理相对人的行政法律制裁。通常表现为对违法的卫生行政管理相对人权利的限制或课以新的义务。对行政管理相对人的权益产生直接的较大影响。为了充分保护当事人的合法权益，国家以基本法律的形式颁布了《行政处罚法》，将行政处罚纳人严格的法制管理轨道，足见国家对此的高度重视。保障当事人的合法权益，其关键在于让当事人享有陈述权和申辩权。从形式和实质两方面都落到实处，尤其是后者．显得更为重要。在卫生行政处罚决定作出过程中，为防止专断，采纳当事人的陈述和申辩内容的合理部分必然要求通过合议来实现．这是由合议的目的所决定的。而现行的《卫生行政处罚程序》对卫生行政处罚决定的作出仅规定了一次合议（卫生行政机关履行告知义务前的合议），因而在程序上缺乏对采纳当事人陈述和申辩内容的合理部分的保障。本文针对这一不足，论述了在卫生行政处罚决定程序中实行“两次合议制”的必要性，并提出了相应建议。

ON THE NECESSITY OF TWO-TIMES COLLEGIATE SYSTEM IN HYGIENIC ADMINISTRATIVE PUNISHMENT PROCEDURE.

Health administrative punishment is a legal sanction to lawbreaking persons given by a health authorities. It usually brings unfavourable influence to parties' rights and interestes. In order to protect parties's lawful rights and interestes, the Lawof the People's Republic of China on Administrative Punishment made such a regulation that any authorities should listen to a party and accept his reasonable statements and arguments before any administrative punishment is made. But one-time collegiate system has been stipulated in the procedure for hygienic administrative punishment, it lacks real protection from the procedure toparties' lawful rights and interestes. In view of this shortage, this paper discussed the necessity of two-times collegiate system inthe making-procedure of health administrative punishment and give some relevant suggestions.