枕骨大孔拥挤症状及幕下结构MRI测量值相关分析

目的运用MRI的方法测量后颅腔、幕下脑组织以及小脑扁桃体和枕骨大孔之间的解剖关系，进而探讨这种解剖特征与部分神经症状和体征的相关性。方法对19例有类颈椎病症状和后组颅神经症状的患者测量MR正中矢状位后颅腔大小形态和幕下脑组织的大小形态，选择19例年龄、性别相匹配而缺乏相应症状和体征的患者为对照组。两组均排除了Chiari畸形和环枕畸形。结果症状组有后颅腔小、形态变异、幕下脑组织体积大、小脑扁桃体轻度下移和枕骨大孔出口拥挤现象。结论后颅腔形态变异和枕骨大孔出口神经组织拥挤可能是类颈椎病症状和部分后组颅神经症状的原因，建议将这组症状称为枕骨大孔出口拥挤综合征。

Analysis on inferior foramen occipital crowding symptoms and MR morphometric study on infratentorial brain structures

To investigate the relevance between dissection characteristic and the partial nerves symptoms and signs by measuring the dissection relations of posterior cranial cavity, infratentorial brain tissue, cerebellum tonsil as well as inferior foramen occipital. Methods The size,shape of the posterior cranial cavity and infratentorial brain structures on mid-sagittal MR image was measured in 19 patients had the kind of cervical vertebra sickness symptoms and the latter group cranial nerve symptoms, and another 19 patients of matching age and sex but lacking the corresponding symptoms and signs were selected as the comparison group. Two groups all deleted Chiari abnormal and lepospondylous occipital arthrosis abnormal. Results The symptom group had the phenomenons which posterior cranial cavity was small and heteromorphosis, the volume of infratentorial brain tissue was large, cerebellum tonsil shifted down slightly and the debouch of inferior foramen occipital was crowded. Conclusion Posterior cranial cavity heteromorphosis and crowded nervous tissues in debouch of inferior foramen occipital may be the reasons of the kind of cervical vertebra sickness symptoms and the latter group cranial nerve symptoms, so we suggest calling this group of symptom the debouch of inferior foramen occipital crowding syndrome.