中日大学生性意识与性行为现状调查分析

目的 了解中日两国大学生性意识、性行为的现状,比较不同文化背景下中日大学生性意识、性行为的差异,为我国青春期性教育提供实证性参考.方法 采用自编大学生性意识与性行为调查问卷,对865名中国大学生和761名日本大学生进行问卷调查.结果 ①中日两组获得性知识的途径不同：漫画故事书（x2=11.11,P＜0.01）和其他书籍（x2＝9.99,P＜0.01）的影响,中国组大于日本组;父母的影响,日本组大于中国组（x2=-5.69,P＜0.05）;学兄或学姐（x2=18.95,P＜0.001）及老师（x2=14.40,P＜0.001）的影响,中国组大于日本组;②日本组性行为的观念较中国组开放,性行为的发生率高于中国组（35.1％,4.8％;x2=182.59,P＜0.001）,初次性交年龄低于中国组（t=9.72,P＜0.001）;③有性行为者,日本组85.2％、中国组40.0％采取避孕措施（x2=37.16,P＜0.001）;④中国组59.5％接受过性教育,87.9％认为有必要开展性教育,日本组100％接受过性教育,79.0％认为有必要开展性教育（x2=337.95,x2=37.16,均为P＜0.001）;日本组性病的知晓率及对性问题的关心程度均高于中国组（均为P＜0.001）.究其差异的原因,可能与两国性教育的时期和内容有关.结论 中国大学生掌握性知识水平不高,对性问题的关心比较淡薄,学校教育和家庭教育没有成为大学生获取性知识的主要途径,有性行为者避孕措施采取率低.在中国大学生的素质教育中,必须加强性教育.

Investigation and analysis of the status of sexual consciousness and sexual behavior of college students in China and Japan

Objective To investigate the status of sexual consciousness, sexual behavior of Chinese and Jap- anese college students, and make comparison of these results based on different cultural background. Methods This study conducted a questionnaire survey of 865 Chinese college students and 761 Japanese college students using a self-designed sexual consciousness and sexual behavior questionnaire. Results （1） The students got different access to sexual knowledge between two countries. The effect from cartoon （X2= 11.11, P〈0.01） and other books （X2=9.99, P〈 0.01） was bigger on Chinese college students than Japanese college students, the effect from parents was bigger on Jap- anese college students （X2=5.69, P〈0.05）, and the effect from classmates （X2=18.95, P〈0.001） and teachers （X2=14.40, P〈0.001） was bigger on Chinese college students. （2） In terms of sexual behavior concept, Chinese college students were more conservative than the Japanese students. The incidence of sexual behavior of Japanese college students was significantly higher than that of Chinese students （35.1% vs 4.8%; x2 = 182.59, P〈0.001）, and the age of Japanese col- lege students for starting sexual behavior was younger （t=9.72, P〈0.001）. （3） 85.2% of Japanese college students used contraception measures, in contrast to only 40.0% of Chinese college students （X237.16, P〈0.001）. （4） The Japanese students had more knowledge and were more concerned about sexual problem than Chinese students （P〈0.001）. In Chinese college students, 59.5% had received sexual education and 87.9% were support for the necessity of sexual ed- ucation, while in Japanese college students, 100% received sexual education and 79.0% were support for the necessity of sexual education （X2=337.95, X2=37.16, P〈0.001）. Conclusion The master level of sexual knowledge in Chinese college students is not high, and they are relatively less concerned about sexual problems. Now, school and family edu- cation are not the main ways for the students to acquire sexual knowledge. Besides, the students＇ awareness of contra- ception measures is low. Chinese adolescent sex education needs to be improved.