造纸工人健康状况与工作能力的调查研究

目的]调查造纸行业生产工人健康状况与工作能力，为提高工人的身心健康和工作能力提供依据。方法]分层随机选择一线工人1309名，用工作能力指数和职业紧张量表评价其工作能力和职业紧张相关因素；以480名非一线工人为对照组。结果]研究组意外伤害及呼吸、心理、消化和神经感觉系统疾患的年患病率高于对照组（P〈0．05）；工作能力平均得分低于对照组（P〈0．01），工作能力单项得分也低于对照组（P〈0．01）；工作能力单项分析，除现阶段工作能力主观评价外，其余各项得分低于对照组（P〈0．05）；工作能力与健康状况有关（P〈0．01）；多元回归分析显示，工人的工作能力与职业任务冲突、工作环境和心理、躯体紧张反应呈负相关（P〈0．05）。结论]造纸行业一线工人的健康状况不容忽视，改善工作环境，促进身心健康，对于提高工作能力有重要意义。

Study on Health Status and Work Ability among Workers in Paper Plant

-Objective- To investigate the health status and work ability among workers in paper plant for promoting their health and work ability. -Method- 1 309 workers (Group-S) selected randomly were interviewed by Work Ability Index (WAI) and Occupational Stress Inventory-Revised questionnaires. Another 480 mental employees in the same plant were selected (Group-C). -Results- The prevalence of accident hurt, respiratory diseases, psychological disorder, neurological diseases and digestive diseases in workers were higher than that of Group-C (P<0.05) and the score of WAI of them was lower than Group-C (P<0.01). Single item analysis showed that all items score was lower than that of Group-C except the current subjective appraisal of WAI. WAI categories scores were lower than that of Group-C (P<0.01) too. The WAIs were related to their health status (P<0.01). The WAIs were negatively correlated with occupational task conflict, work environment, physical and psychological stress by multivariate regression analysis. -Conclusion- The health status of workers should be concerned and promoted by improving work environment and psychological health for work ability.