颈动脉斑块的性质与其社区高危人群常见危险因素的关系

目的探讨颈动脉斑块的性质与其社区高危人群常见危险因素之间的关系。方法收集2008年1月至2012年8月经查颈彩超证实有颈动脉斑块形成的广州本地社区高危人群的资料f共235例），以单因素及多因素方法分析颈动脉斑块的性质（扁平斑、硬斑、软斑和溃疡斑）与其常见危险因素的关系。结果单因素分析发现：80岁以上患者溃疡斑明显增多（P=0．042）；女性俨：0．000）及高血压俨=0．027）患者软斑的数量明显减少。多因素分析发现：年龄（age）和收缩压（SBP）是影响颈动脉溃疡斑块形成的主要危险因素（ORage=1．043，P=0．03QOR SBP，=1．026，P：0．024）；女性及SBP是影响软斑形成的主要保护性因素（ORsex=0．321，P=0．000；OR SBP=0．970，P=0．006）。结论女性及高血压患者颈动脉软斑生成相对较少，而80岁以上高龄患者溃疡斑相对较多。

Relationship between properties of carotid plaques and common risk factors among community high-risk population

Objective To investigate the relationship between properties of carotid plaques and common risk factors among community high-risk population. Methods From January 2008 to August 2010, the data of 235 subjects from atherosclerotie high-risk population in local communities were collected. The carotid plaques of the subjects were confirmed by color ultrasound. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify the relationship between the properties of carotid plaques （flat, soft, hard and ulcer plaque） and the common risk factors. Results Univariate analyses showed that subjects over 80 years old had much more ulcer plaques than younger ones （P=0.042）; females and hypertensive subjects had significantly more soft plaques than males and non-hypertensive ones separately （P=0.000 and P=0.027, respectively）. Multivariate analyses discovered that age （older） and systolic blood pressure （SBP） were the key risk factors influencing ulcer plaque formation （ORage=1.043, P=0.030 and ORsBp=1.026,P=0.024, respectively）; female and SBP were the protective factors influencing the soft plaque formation （ORsex=0.321, P=0.000 and ORssp=0.970, P=0.006, respectively）. Conclusion Female and hypertensive patients have less soft carotid plaques, and those over 80 years old have more ulcer plaques.