产后出血238例原因分析与防治措施

目的探讨无锡市惠山区基层医院产后出血的原因及防治措施。方法回顾分析2001-2005年在该区分娩的15721例产妇中产后出血的病例资料。结果产后出血产妇共238例，出血的发生率为1．51％，其出血原因主要是宫缩乏力，占69．33％；其次是胎盘因素，占15．13％；软产道撕裂占13．03％，凝血功能障碍占2．52％。产后出血影响因素：分娩方式、胎次、双胎、巨大儿、妊娠并发症等。结论加强孕期产检、减少高危因素；严密监护产程，防止宫缩乏力；提高产科技术，正确估计出血量是降低产后出血的重要措施。

Analysis of 238 Cases of Postpartum Hemorrhage and Preventive Measures

Objective] To explore the reasons for postpartum hemorrhage and relevant preventive measures in the basic hospitals in Huishan District of Wuxi. Methods] Retrospective analysis was made on the data of 15,721cases of postpartum hemorrhage during 2001-2005. Results ] 238 cases of postpartum hemorrhage were found with the morbidity of 1.51% ; the main reasons were uterine atony （69.33%）, placental factors （15.13%）, birth canal lancinate （13.03%）, coagulation dysfunction （2.52%） ; the influential factors for postpartum hemorrhage were birth types, birth order, twins, fetal macrosomia, and pregnancy complications. Conclusion] To strengthen the pregnancy examination, reduce the risk factors, intensify labor care, prevent uterine atony and improve obstetric techniques are the important measures for the reduction of postpartum hemorrhage.