331例早产儿临床资料分析

目的探讨早产儿的发生原因、并发症、死亡原因及院内感染发生部位。方法对我科2000年1月~2004年12月5年期间住院的331例早产儿的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果早产多数有明确的原因,以多胎妊娠、妊娠并发症、羊膜早破为主要原因。255例早产儿存在一种或多种并发症,主要为低体温、低血糖、呼吸暂停、高胆红素血症、产伤、低钙血症和氮质血症等。体重愈低,并发症的发生率愈高。死亡的主要原因是肺出血、颅内出血、缺氧缺血性脑病、败血症和呼吸窘迫综合征。胎龄愈小、出生体重愈小,病死率愈高。院内感染发生率为10.9%,主要为结膜炎、皮肤感染和鹅口疮。结论应加强围产期保健和临护,加强产儿科合作,减少早产儿并发症;提高儿科对早产儿管理水平,防止院内感染,降低早产儿的病死率,改善其预后。

Analysis of clinical date of 331 preterm infants

Objective To explore the etiology, complication, causes of death and nosocomial infection parts of preterm infants. Methods Medical records of 331 hospitalized preterm infants from January 2000 to December 2004 were reviewed. Resuits Most of them have a definite etiology of prematurity. The main causes of prematurity were multiple gestation, pregnancy complication, premature rupture of membrane. 255 preterm infants had at least one complication including hypothemia, hypoglycemia, apnea, hyperbilirubinemia, birth injury, hypocalcemia and azotemia. The weight more lower, the combine synptom more many. The mostly effect reasons of death are bleeding in lung ,bleeding of encephalic ,HIE,septicemia and RDS. The smaller the gestational age and birth weight was, the higher the mortality would be . The incidence of nosocomial infection was 10.9%. The main of nosocomial infection are conjunctivitis, dermatic infection, thrush. Conclusion It is important to improve the perinatal health care and surveillance and the co - operation of obstetricians and pediatricians to reduce the complications of prematurity. We should raise the management of preterm infants and prevent nosocomial infection, reduce the mortality and improve the prognosis of preterm infants.