男性青少年暴力行为与认知执行功能缺陷的关系

目的探讨大脑执行功能缺陷在青少年暴力行为的发生机制中所起的作用。方法根据一般情况问卷调查、外显攻击量表筛查及面谈,将少教所男性服教人员分为暴力违法组(n=47)和非暴力违法组(n=46),另以50名职校男生作为正常对照组。对研究对象进行韦氏成人智力测验(WAIS)、威斯康辛卡片分类测验(WCST)、Stroop色词测验(CWT)和河内塔测验(TOH)。结果暴力违法组的智商与非暴力违法组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),两组得分显著低于正常对照组(P<0.05)。暴力违法组和非暴力违法组在WCST中的持续性错误数和持续性错误百分数均高于正常对照组,但两个违法组比较,各指标间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在CWT的Stroop干扰效应(SIE)中,暴力违法组和非暴力违法组的SIE正确数显著低于正常对照组(P<0.05),但两个违法组之间的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在TOH中,暴力违法组和非暴力违法组的总耗时数显著长于正常对照组(P<0.05);但两个违法组之间的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论有违法行为的男性青少年在认知功能方面存在一定的缺陷,而暴力行为与这种缺陷之间的关系可能更为密切。

Relationship between executive function deficits and violent behaviors in male adolescents

Objective To explore the roles of executive function deficits in adolescent violent behaviors. MethodsAccording to the findings of general state questionnaire,modified overt aggression scale and interview,93 male juvenile delinquents were randomly divided into violent antisocial group(n=47) and nonviolent antisocial group(n=46).Besides,50 male adolescents in vocational schools were served as normal controls.All the participants were subjected to Wechsler adult intelligence scale(WAIS) test,Wisconsin card sorting test(WCST),Stroop color-word test(CWT) and Tower of Hanoi(TOH) test. Results There was no significant difference in IQ between violent antisocial group and nonviolent antisocial group(P<0.05),while those in both groups were significantly lower than normal control group(P<0.05).As regard to WCST,violent antisocial group and nonviolent antisocial group got higher scores in Rpe and Rpe% than normal control group,while there was no significant difference between violent antisocial group and nonviolent antisocial group in each parameter(P>0.05).In CWT,violent antisocial group and nonviolent antisocial group had significant difference with normal control group in number of correct responses of Stroop interference effects(SIE)(P<0.05),while there was no significant difference between violent antisocial group and nonviolent antisocial group(P>0.05).In TOH,the total time spent in violent antisocial group and nonviolent antisocial group was significantly longer than normal control group(P<0.05),while there was no significant difference between violent antisocial group and nonviolent antisocial group(P>0.05). Conclusion There exists executive function deficits in male adolescents with unlawful acts,and violent behaviors may have a closer relationship with executive function deficits.