Racial/ethnic differences in the prevalence of depressive symptoms among middle-aged women: The Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN) |
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Authors: | Bromberger Joyce T Harlow Sioban Avis Nancy Kravitz Howard M Cordal Adriana |
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Affiliation: | University of Pittsburgh, Graduate School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, 3811 O'Hara St, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA. brombergerjt@upmc.edu |
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Abstract: | OBJECTIVES: We examined racial/ethnic differences in significant depressive symptoms among middle-aged women before and after adjustment for socioeconomic, health-related, and psychosocial characteristics. METHODS: Racial/ethnic differences in unadjusted and adjusted prevalence of significant depressive symptoms (score >/= 16 on the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression [CES-D] Scale) were assessed with univariate and multiple logistic regressions. RESULTS: Twenty-four percent of the sample had a CES-D score of 16 or higher. Unadjusted prevalence varied by race/ethnicity (P <.0001). After adjustment for covariates, racial/ethnic differences overall were no longer significant. CONCLUSIONS: Hispanic and African American women had the highest odds, and Chinese and Japanese women had the lowest odds, for a CES-D score of 16 or higher. This variation is in part because of health-related and psychosocial factors that are linked to socioeconomic status. |
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