电针对局灶性脑缺血再灌注大鼠运动功能及神经可塑性的影响

目的：观察电针后局灶性脑缺血再灌注（MCAO/R）模型大鼠运动功能恢复情况和脑组织GAP-43、SYN表达的变化,探讨缺血再灌注后脑损伤电针干预的神经可塑性机制。方法：60只健康成年雄性SD（Spraguer-dawley）大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组和电针组,每组20只。采用线栓法制作大鼠大脑中动脉缺血再灌注模型（MCAO/R）。电针刺激在造模成功3 h内开始,电针组针刺双侧内关、水沟、三阴交及百会穴,留针30 min,每天针刺1次。假手术组和模型组,不进行任何干预治疗。各组大鼠在7、14 d两个时间点取10只进行运动功能评估及免疫组化SP法观察GAP-43、SYN的表达。结果：运动功能评分：假手术组大鼠无神经功能缺损症状。模型组和电针组比较,7 d时,运动功能评分无明显差异（P〉0.05）,14 d时,电针组大鼠运动功能恢复明显优于模型组（P〈0.05）。免疫组化：假手术组各时间点切片中没有GAP-43阳性细胞表达。大鼠脑梗死后7 d,模型组脑缺血组织周围出现GAP-43阳性细胞,14 d时减少,与假手术组比较差异均有极显著性（P〈0.01）。电针组GAP-43阳性细胞表达在各时间点较模型组显著增加,差异有极显著性（P〈0.01）。假手术组可见SYN表达,大鼠脑梗死后7 d,模型组脑缺血区SYN表达较假手术组减少,模型组SYN表达14 d开始上升,但与假手术组比较明显减少,差异有显著性（P〈0.05）。电针组SYN表达在各时间点较模型组显著增加,差异均有显著性（P〈0.05）。结论：电针可促进局灶性脑梗死大鼠运动功能的恢复,其机制可能与增强脑缺血区周围皮质突触素和GAP-43的表达,增强神经可塑性有关。

Effects of Electroacupuncture on Motor Function and Neural Plasticity at Focal Cerebral Infarction and Reperfusion in Rats

Objective ： To explore the effect of electroacupuncture on motor function, GAP-43 and SYN in brain tissue after cerebral focal ischemia-reperfusion in rats, and to investigate its mechanism of neural plasticity. Methods ： 60 male SD （ Spraguer-dawley ） rats were randomly divided into sham operation group, model group and eleetroaeupuncture group, and subjected to establish the model of middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion （ MCAO/R ） by nylon monofilament suture. Electroacupuncture was performed in 3 hours after establishing of successful model. Eleetroaeupucture group were needled acupoints of Neiguan, Sanyinjiao, Shuigou and Baihui, 30 minutes for each time, once a day. Sham operation group and model group were conventionally fed in cages, without any intervention. 10 rats on the 7 d, 14 d were randomly selected, and the motor function recovery was evaluated by Longa＇s score, and immunohistochemistry techniques were used to detect the expressions GAP-43 and SYN. Results ： Motor function ： the sham operation group rats had no neurological symptoms. For model group and electroacupuncture group, there was no difference about neural function score on the 7th day （ P〉0.05 ）. On the 14th day, motor functional recovery of electroacupuncture group rats was significantly better than that of the model group （P〈0.05）. Immunohistochemistry： sham operation group rats had no GAP-43 positive cells in section at each time. GAP-43 positive cells appearred around rats＇ cerebral ischemia 7 d after cerebral infarction. It was decreased 14 d after cerebral infarction. The difference was significant （P〈0.01）compared with that in sham operation group. GAP-43 positive cells of electroacupuncture group were increased significantly compared with the model group at each time （P〈0.01）. Sham operation group showed SYN expression. SYN expression of model group reduced compared with sham operation group 7 d after cerebral infarction. SYN expression of model group began to rise 14 d after cerebral infarction. But SYN expression of model group still reduced compared with sham operation group. The difference was significant （P〈0.05）. SYN expression of electroacupuncture group was increased significantly compared with that in the model group at each time （ P〈0.05 ）. Conclusion ： Electroacupuncture could improve the motor function of cerebral infarction rats. The motor function enhancement may be partly due to the up-regulation of expression of GAP-g3 and SYN expression in peri-infarct regions.