低分子肝素对大面积深度烧伤患者高凝状态的改善作用

目的 观察低分子肝素治疗大面积深度烧伤患者血液高凝状态的临床效果.方法 烧伤患者9例,均为男性,年龄26.3±6.5(19～40)岁,烧伤面积50.0%±33.4%(20%～97%)TBSA,为深Ⅱ～Ⅳ度烧伤,均伴有中度或重度吸入性损伤,列入肝素治疗组,予低分子肝素注射液5 000U皮下注射,每12h或6h 1次,连用3～4天.同时期入院的12例患者为治疗对照组,年龄、烧伤面积与治疗组无显著差异,治疗措施亦基本相同,但不给予低分子肝素.另设整形患者10例为正常对照组.观察治疗前后血浆凝血酶原时间(PT)、凝血酶原国际标准化比值(INR)、活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)、凝血酶时间(TT)、纤维蛋白原浓度(Fib)及血小板计数(PLT)的变化.结果 治疗前肝素治疗组、治疗对照组的INR、APTT、PLT水平显著低于正常对照组,Fib水平显著高于正常对照组;治疗后肝素治疗组Fib显著降低(5.89±1.13g/L vs 2.89±0.90g/L),PLT显著升高[(91±11)×109/L vs (264±30)×109/L],未见明显出血性副作用;治疗对照组治疗前后各项指标无显著改变.结论 低分子肝素可有效改善烧伤后的血液高凝状态.

Effect of low molecular weight heparin on hypercoagulability in extensive severe burn casualties

Objective To observe the effect of low molecular weight heparin(LMWH)on hypercoagulability in extensive severe burn patients.Methods 9 patients were assigned as LMWH treatment group(TG),and another 12 burn patients with the similar extent of burn injury admitted in the same period were assigned as routine treatment group(RTG).All the treatments were the same except 5000U LMWH was given via subcutaneous injection per 12 or 6 hours to the TG group for 3-7days.The patients in normal control group(NCG)consisted of patients receiving plastic surgery.The following coagulation parameters were determined before and after the heparin treatment:prothrombin time(PT),thrombin time(TT),activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT),international normalized ratio(INR),fibrinogen(Fib)and platelet(PLT).Results INR,APTT and PLT in both TG and RTG groups were significantly lower compared with that in NCG before treatment,and Fib in two former groups were higher than that in NCG.Compared with those values before treatment,Fib decreased and PLT increased significantly after LMWH treatment in TG.However,there were no significant changes in other parameters in TG after LMWH treatment.Severe side effects such as haemorrhage were not found in patients in TG.Conclusion LMWH could ameliorate hypercoagulability following severe burns.