远距离转移对汶川地震后幸存者心理健康的影响

目的 评价跨省远距离转移对汶川地震后幸存者心理健康的影响.方法 采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)与抑郁自评量表(SOS)分别评价跨省转移前后汶川地震后幸存者的心理健康状况.结果 跨省转移后汶川地震后幸存者SAS、SDS评分(38.15±7.55、40.84±9.20)均明显低于跨省转移前(42.78±7.95、45.40±9.30).差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);把幸存者分为受伤者与非受伤者两组分别比较时,两组跨省转移后SAS、SDS评分均明显低于跨省转移前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);但幸存受伤者与非受伤者两组间同期比较时,仅SAS评分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),SDS评分差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 跨省远距离转移可以在短期内明显减轻汶川地震后幸存者的焦虑与抑郁症状,且对幸存受伤者与非受伤者同样有效,能快速促进地震后所有幸存者心理健康的恢复.

Mental health status of the Wenchuan earthquake survivors transferred to other provinces

Objective To evaluate the changes in the mental health status of the Wenchuan earthquake survivors in relation to their transfer to other provinces. Methods Sixty-eight survivors of the Wenchuan earthquake were evaluated for the mental health status using the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) before and after transfer to other provinces. Results The score of SAS of these survivors decreased significantly after the transfer (42.78±7.95 before transfer vs 38.15±7.55 after transfer, P<0.05), and the SDS score also decreased significantly (45.40±9.30 vs 40.84±9.20, P<0.05). The transfer was associated with a significant reduction in both the SAS and SDS scores of the survivors irrespective of the injuries sustained in the earthquake. After the transfer, the survivors without injuries showed significantly lower SAS scores than those sustaining injuries in the earthquake (P<0.05), but the SDS scores either before or after the transfer have no statistical significance between the 2 groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Transfer to other provinces may help relieve the anxiety and depression in both the injured and non-injured survivors in a short period for the benefit of their psychological rehabilitation.