上海市闵行区6~12月龄营养不良婴儿喂养困难状况及影响因素研究

目的 调查上海市闵行区6~12月龄营养不良婴儿喂养困难状况及影响因素,为开展针对性干预提供依据。方法 选择于2019年6-8月在闵行区4家社区卫生服务中心儿保门诊体检的137名6~12月龄营养不良婴儿为研究对象,采用统一调查问卷[一般人口学特征、蒙特利尔儿童医院喂养评分量表(MCH-FS)中文版]对婴儿家长进行调查,并采用单因素分析和多因素Logistic回归分析探讨喂养困难的影响因素。结果 137例婴儿中,喂养困难发生率为30.7%(42/137),其中轻度、中度和重度喂养困难者分别为16例(11.7%)、7例(5.1%)、19例(13.9%)。经单因素和多因素分析,低出生体重(OR=9.700,95%CI:1.913~49.190)、家长认为婴儿生长状况异常(OR=3.828,95%CI:1.178~12.434)、婴儿口腔运动功能异常(OR=14.296,95%CI:1.929~105.949)为喂养困难的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。结论 出生体重、生长状况、口腔运动功能是6~12月龄营养不良婴儿喂养困难的影响因素,应针对性地开展干预工作。

Study on feeding difficulty and its determinants of malnourished infants aged 6 to 12 months in Minhang district,Shanghai

Objective To investigate the present situation of feeding difficulty and its determinants of malnourished infants aged 6 to 12 months in Minhang district of Shanghai. Methods A total of 137 malnourished infants aged 6 to 12 months,who took physical examination at child care clinic of 4 community health service centers of Minhang district,were selected as subjects.Infants′ parents were investigated by the questionnaires including general demographic characteristics and Montreal Children′s Hospital Feeding Scale (MCH-FS).Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were adopted to probe the determinants of feeding difficulty. Results The detection rate of feeding difficulty was 30.7%(42/137),of which mild,medium and severe feeding difficulty were 16 cases(11.7%),7 cases(5.1%)and 19 cases(13.9%),respectively.Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that low birth weight (OR=9.700,95%CI:1.913-49.190),abnormal infant growth condition considered by parents (OR=3.828,95%CI:1.178-12.434) and abnormality of infant oral cavity motor function (OR=14.296,95%CI:1.929-105.949) were independent determinants of feeding difficulty. Conclusion Birth weight,growth condition and oral cavity motor function are determinants of malnourished infants aged 6 to 12 months,and targeted intervention should be conducted.