干细胞及其仿生基质微环境在关节软骨再生修复中的作用综述

关节软骨由于无神经、无血管的特性,一旦损伤,其自我修复十分困难.干细胞技术的发展为关节软骨再生提供了新的希望.当前,不同来源的干细胞及多种应用方式在关节软骨修复中展现出不同程度的治疗效果.然而,干细胞对其所处的微环境均有极强的敏感性,这使得越来越多的研究者开始关注通过生物功能性支架构建的仿生微环境来调控干细胞,进而加速...

Role of Stem Cells and Their Biomimetic Matrix Microenvironment in Regenerative Repair of Articular Cartilage: A Review

It is difficult for the articular cartilage to self-heal any damage it may incur due to its lack of nerves and blood vessels. Development in stem cell technology provides new prospects for articular cartilage regeneration. Currently, stem cells from different sources and their diverse applications have demonstrated different degrees of therapeutic effect and potential in articular cartilage repair. However, stem cells are highly sensitive to their microenvironment. Therefore, more and more researchers are focusing their attention on regulating stem cells and thus accelerating cartilage regeneration through the biomimetic microenvironment constructed by biologically functional scaffolds. We reviewed in this paper the sources of the stem cells used for cartilage repair, the application method of these stem cells, as well as the therapeutic effect, mechanism and limitations in the application of stem cells synergizing with the biomimetic microenvironment in promoting articular cartilage repair and regeneration. We hoped to provide suggestions for practical clinical research in the design and improvement of biofunctional cartilage repair scaffolds that synergize with stem cells.