国内外护生死亡教育研究热点的可视化分析

目的 了解国内外近10年的护生死亡教育研究现状并分析其研究热点,为我国的护生死亡教育研究提供参考依据。方法 从Web of Science（WOS）核心合集、PubMed、中国知网（CNKI）及万方数据库检索护生死亡教育相关文献,使用CiteSpace6.1.R2文献分析软件,进行发文量、国家和关键词聚类等分析。结果 共检索到431篇文献,最终纳入有效文献284篇。结合国内外学者的研究成果,归纳总结出3个方向和5个热点：完善护生死亡教育模式研究,包括开设面向不同学历层次学生的必修课;丰富护生死亡教育内涵研究,包括更好地实施临终关怀,培养护生的感知力;护生死亡教育影响因素研究,包括本土化量表的编制,专业化的干预方案构建。结论 目前,国外护生死亡教育体系已发展得较为成熟,而我国尚处于探索阶段,后续研究应把握住研究热点,主动借鉴国外研究经验,促进我国护生死亡教育的发展。

Visualization analysis of hotspots of death education for nursing students at home and abroad

Objective To understand the current research status of death education for nursing students at home and abroad in the past decade and analyze it hotspots, and to provide reference for death education for nursing students in China. Methods Literature on death education for nursing students from Web of Science (WOS) core collection, PubMed, CNKI and Wanfang data were retrieved, and CiteSpace6.1.R2 was used to carry out analysis for publication volume, country and keyword clustering. Results A total of 431 articles were retrieved, and 284 eligible ones were finally included. Three directions and five hotspots were summarized: Improving the research on death education model for nursing students, including offering compulsory courses for students with different academic levels; enriching the research on the connotation of death education for nursing students, including more hospice care and cultivating the perception of nursing students; the research on influencing factors of death education for nursing students, including the compilation of localized scales and the construction of professional intervention programs. Conclusion At present, death education system for nursing students in foreign countries has developed relatively mature, while it is still in the exploratory stage in China. Therefore, in the follow-up study, we should grasp the research hotspots, take the initiative to learn from foreign research experience, and promote the development of death education for nursing students in China.