躯体形式障碍患者社会支持与家庭功能特征研究

目的 探讨躯体形式障碍患者社会支持及家庭功能特征。方法 2017—2018年,收集就诊于综合医院心理门诊的躯体形式障碍患者48例,以性别、年龄、学历匹配正常人群47例进行对照研究,用一般人口学调查表、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)、家庭功能评定量表(FAD)、家庭亲密度及适应性量表(FACES-II)进行评估,采用多元线性回归分析对躯体形式障碍的危险因素进行分析。结果 躯体形式障碍患者在社会支持总分(34.58±7.47)vs(40.25±7.16)]、客观支持评分(7.54±2.34)vs(8.85±2.89)]、主观支持评分(20.02±4.44)vs(23.30±4.52)]、社会支持利用度评分(6.00±2.02)vs(7.79±2.05)]、家庭亲密度评分(54.35±10.87) vs (63.91±15.55)]、适应性评分(35.75±10.27)vs (42.38±13.37)]均低于正常对照组(t值分别为-3.78、-2.43、-3.57、-4.28、-3.47、-2.71,P值分别为0.000、0.017、0.001、0.000、0.001、0.008);两组在问题解决、角色、情感反应、行为控制因子的评分差异无统计学意义(P值均＞0.05),躯体形式障碍患者在沟通评分(2.69±0.57) vs (2.11±0.36),(t=5.95,P=0.004)]、情感介入评分(2.60±0.36) vs (2.24±0.49),(t=4.13,P=0.032)]、家庭总的功能评分(2.80±0.56)vs( 2.07±0.43),(t=7.14,P=0.004)]均高于正常对照组。多元线性回归分析结果显示问题解决、角色、情感反应是躯体形式障碍的危险因素(R=0.91,P＜0.01)。结论 躯体形式障碍患者在社会支持、家庭亲密度、适应性、沟通、情感介入方面表现较差,问题解决、角色、情感反应对躯体形式障碍的发病具有预测作用,其中影响最显著的为情感反应因子。

Study on characteristics of social support and family function in patients with somatoform disorders

Objective To explore the social support and family function characteristics of patients with somatoform disorders. Methods From 2017 to 2018, 48 patients with somatoform disorders were collected from the psychological clinic of the general hospital, and 47 normal people matched by gender, age and educational background were used for a control study. They were evaluated with the general demographic questionnaire, social support rating scale (SSRS), family function rating scale (FAD), and family intimacy and adaptability scale (FACES-II). Multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors of somatoform disorders. Results In the patients with somatoform disorders, the total score of social support , objective support score , subjective support score , social support utilization score , family intimacy score , and the adaptive scores were lower than those in the normal control group (t=-3.78, - 2.43, - 3.57, - 4.28, - 3.47, - 2.71, P=0.000, 0.017, 0.001, 0.000, 0.001, 0.008). There were no significant differences in the scores of problem solving, role, emotional response and behavior control factors between the two groups (all P>0.05). In the patients with somatoform disorders, the communication scores , emotional intervention scores , and total family function scores were higher than those in the normal control group. The multiple linear regression analysis showed that problem solving, role and emotional response were the risk factors of somatoform disorders (r=0.91, P<0.01). Conclusion The patients with somatoform disorders have poor performance in social support, family intimacy, adaptability, communication, and emotional intervention. The problem solving, role and emotional response can predict the incidence of somatoform disorders, among which the most significant factor is emotional response factor.