会宁县中小学生心理健康现状及影响因素研究

目的 了解甘肃省会宁县中小学生心理健康现状,为开展心理干预工作提供依据。方法 采用心理健康诊断测验量表(MHT)和家庭情况调查问卷对会宁县1 050名中小学生进行了调查。结果 心理健康问题较严重(全量表分在65分以上)的学生检出率为2.3%,各内容量表中学习焦虑检出率(8.50±3.01)最高,为64.46%,孤独倾向检出率(2.67±2.01)最低,为2.65%;女生的学习焦虑、自责倾向、过敏倾向、身体症状、恐怖倾向及全量表得分均高于男生,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.01,P<0.05);初中生在学习焦虑、孤独倾向、过敏倾向、身体症状、冲动倾向及全量表得分上高于小学生,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.01,P<0.05)。影响中小学生心理健康总体水平的因素有性别、年级、父母亲的文化程度、父母亲是否到外地工作。结论 会宁县中小学生心理健康总体水平较高,但仍存在心理健康问题的学生,根据影响因素提出针对中小学生心理健康问题的建议。

Study on mental health status and influencing factors of primary and secondary school students in Huining County

Objective To understand the mental health status of primary and secondary school students in Huining County, Gansu Province, so as to provide the evidence for psychological intervention. Methods The mental health test (MHT) and a family status questionnaire were used to investigate 1 050 primary and secondary school students in Huining County. Results The rate of students with serious mental health problems (full-scale score above 65) was 2.3%, and the rate of learning anxiety (8.50±3.01) was the highest in all the content scales at 64.46%, and the rate of loneliness (2.67±2.01) was the lowest at 2.65%. The girls’ learning anxiety, self-blame, terror and allergy tendency, physical symptoms, and full-scale scores were higher than boys’, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01, P<0.05). The learning anxiety, loneliness, allergy, physical symptoms, impulsivity, and full-scale scores of the secondary school students were higher than those of the primary school students, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01 or P<0.05). The factors influencing the overall level of mental health of primary and secondary school students were gender, grade, parents' education level, whether parents worked in other places. Conclusion The overall level of mental health of primary and secondary school students in Huining County is better, but the students still have some mental health problems. Therefore, we should put forward the suggestions for the mental health problems of primary and secondary school students according to the influencing factors.