儿童疫苗接种家长态度问卷(PACV)的汉化和信效度研究

目的 将儿童疫苗接种家长态度问卷（Parent Attitudes about Childhood Vaccines,PACV）翻译成中文并测量其信效度。方法 采用跨文化调适指南提出的翻译步骤,对PACV进行翻译、整合、回译、文化调适,将翻译好的问卷完成预试验后,对148例6岁及以下的患儿家长进行调查。结果 量表一共包含15个条目,内容效度指数为1.0。因子分析显示Bartlett球形检验KMO值为0.702（P<0.01）,主成分分析提取出3个因子,累计方差贡献率56.1%。3个因子分别归纳为"总的态度和信任度"、"对疫苗安全性和有效性的信念"和"免疫接种行为",且均与原量表吻合。量表总的Cronbach's α值为0.701,分量表"总的态度和信任度"、"安全性和有效性"、"疫苗接种行为"的信度分别为0.810、0.704和0.604。2周后重测信度总量表为0.753,分量表分别为0.798、0.714和0.701。结论 中文版PACV具有良好信效度,但鉴于样本的单一性,尚需多中心、大样本的研究进一步验证。

A survey on the reliability and validity of Parent Attitudes about Childhood Vaccines(PACV)

Objective To translate Parent Attitudes about Childhood Vaccines (PACV) into Chinese,and measure its reliability and validity. Methods The PACV scale was translated according to the transcultural adaptation guidelines. After the pre-test was completed with the translated questionnaire,148 parents of children aged 6 years and younger were investigated. Results The content validity index of the 15-item scale was 1.0.Factor analysis showed that Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) Measure of Sampling Adequacy was 0.702 (P<0.01).Three factors were extracted from the principal component analysis (PCA).The cumulative variance explained was 56.1%.The results were same with the original scale on general attitudes,faith in vaccine's safety and efficacy,and immunization behavior. The total Cronbach's α value of the scale was 0.701,and the reliability of the subscales of "General attitudes","Safety and efficacy" and "Behavior" were 0.810,0.704 and 0.604 respectively.After two weeks,the total retest reliability scale was 0.753, and the subscales were 0.798,0.714 and 0.701 respectively. Conclusion The Chinese version of PACV has good reliability and validity,which can be used to evaluate parents' attitude towards vaccination.However,multi-center and large sample studies are still needed to verify this version.