2009—2017 年北京市某三甲医院老年恶性肿瘤住院情况统计分析

目的 分析老年恶性肿瘤住院患者的分布特征，为老年恶性肿瘤的防治提供依据。方法 通过解放军总医院病案统计科管理系统数据库，统计2009年1月1日至2017年12月31日65岁及以上的老年人群住院数据。结果 老年恶性肿瘤住院人数为36 015例，占老年住院人数的26.9%。支气管和肺恶性肿瘤、胃恶性肿瘤、肝和胆管恶性肿瘤、结肠恶性肿瘤所占比例较高，累计达40.0%以上。膀胱恶性肿瘤、食管恶性肿瘤所占比例逐渐下降，前列腺恶性肿瘤所占比例逐渐增加。 不同性别、年龄组老年恶性肿瘤患者的分布存在差异。前列腺恶性肿瘤位于男性的第4位，膀胱恶性肿瘤位于男性的第6位，乳房恶性肿瘤位于女性的第5位。随着年龄的增加，胃恶性肿瘤、结肠恶性肿瘤、直肠恶性肿瘤、前列腺恶性肿瘤、膀胱恶性肿瘤所占比例逐渐增加，支气管和肺恶性肿瘤、肝和胆管恶性肿瘤所占比例逐渐下降。结论 支气管和肺恶性肿瘤、胃恶性肿瘤、肝和肝内胆管恶性肿瘤、结肠恶性肿瘤位于老年恶性肿瘤的前列，且恶性肿瘤的分布存在明显的性别、年龄差异，应针对性开展防治。

Statistical analysis of malignant tumors based on elderly hospitalized patients in the tertiary A-level hospital in Beijing from 2009 to 2017

Objective To analyze the characteristics of elderly hospitalized patients with malignant tumors and provide the evidence for the prevention and treatment of malignant tumors in the elderly. Methods The data of hospitalization from January 1，2009 to December 31，2017 of elderly hospitalized patients over 65-year-old was collected by the database of the Medical Records Statistics Department of the Chinese PLA General Hospital. Results The total number of hospitalized elderly cases with malignant tumors was 36，015，accounting for 26.9% of the total number of hospitalized elderlies. The proportion of bronchial and lung，gastric，liver and bile duct，and colon malignant tumors were reached more than 40.0% in total. The proportion of bladder malignant tumors and esophageal malignant tumors decreased gradually，while the proportion of prostate malignant tumors increased gradually. There were differences in the distribution of malignant tumors in the elderly of different genders and age groups. For male，prostate malignant tumor and bladder malignant tumor were ranked 4 th and 6 th，respectively，while for female，breast malignant tumors was ranked 5th. With the increase of age，the proportion of gastric，colon，rectal，prostate and bladder malignant tumors increased gradually，the proportion of bronchi and lung，liver and bile duct malignant tumors declined gradually. Conclusions Bronchus and lung，stomach，liver and bile duct，and colon malignant tumors are in the front rank of the most common malignant tumors in the elderly. The distribution of malignant tumors shows significant difference with respect to gender and age，and they should be targeted for prevention and treatment.