3D打印技术在医学教学中的应用

医学生需要临床见习和实习，由于临床专科学习时间较短，医学生面对复杂的人体结构和临床疾病时，需要经过较长时间的学习观摩和经验丰富的教师指导才能逐步理解、运用所学知识。传统教学方式在训练临床思维能力和激发学习兴趣上的效果偏低，需要开拓新型的教学方式和手段来提高教学效率。三维（threedimensional,3D）打印技术是基于虚拟或计算机生成的三维模型，经过对此模型的分层处理，然后使用3D 打印机进行逐层叠加的制造方式制造物品，对于医学生学习人体复杂的解剖结构和组织有很大的帮助。利用3D打印技术在医学教学中为医学生提供了对于人体复杂结构的现实印象，并且有助于学习人体结构、医疗植入物和术前规划等。作者结合有关文献对3D 技术在医学教学中的应用进行了介绍。

Application of three-dimensional (3D) printing technology in medical teaching

Medical students face complex human structures and clinical diseases during busy clinical apprenticeships and internships. They have to study and observe for long time and need guidance from experienced teachers before they can gradually understand and apply their knowledge. The traditional teaching method is less effective in training clinical thinking ability and stimulating the learning interest. New teaching methods are needed to improve teaching efficiency. Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology is based on a virtual or computer-generated 3D model. We first layer the model, then use the 3D printer for layer methods of manufacturing items for medical students to learn complex human anatomy and tissue. The use of 3D printing technology in medical teaching provides medical students with a realistic impression of the complex human structures, and helps their study, medical implants and preoperative planning. This article focuses on the application of 3D technology in medical teaching.