丰县接触噪声作业工人健康损害状况分析

目的 掌握丰县噪声作业工人的健康状况,分析不同职业噪声暴露对工人健康的影响。方法 选取丰县722名丰县接噪工人(噪声组)和536名低噪声工人(对照组)作为研究对象,对工人的一般情况进行调查,并对其血压、心电图与纯音听阈测试进行检查。应用SPSS 13.0进行统计分析,组间比较采用χ2检验,按照患者的性别、年龄和工龄进行分层,分别比较噪声组和对照组两组之间工人健康损害的差异。结果 噪声组听力损伤率22.58%,高于对照组听力损伤率11.56%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=25.38,P<0.001);噪声组血压异常检出率22.02%,高于对照组血压异常检出率16.60%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.94,P=0.008);噪声组心电图异常检出率14.13%,高于对照组心电图异常检出率8.58%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=9.11,P=0.003)。结论 长期噪声暴露对人体影响是全身性的,应采取综合防控措施,切实保障接噪工人健康。

Analysis of health damage of workers exposed to noise in Feng County

Objective To grasp the health status of workers exposed to noise in Feng County and analyze the impacts of different occupational noise exposures on workers‘ health. Methods A total of 722 noise-exposed workers (a noise group) and 536 low noise-exposed workers (a control group) in Feng County were selected as the research objects. The general situation of the workers was investigated and their blood pressure, electrocardiogram (ECG), and pure tone audiometry were examined. SPSS13.0 was used for statistical analysis, and chi-square test was used for comparison between groups. The patients were stratified according to their gender, age and length of service, and the difference of health damage between the noise group and the control group was compared. Results The hearing loss rate in the noise group was 22.58%, which was higher than that in the control group (11.56%), and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=25.38, P<0.001); the detection rate of abnormal blood pressure in the noise group was 22.02%, which was higher than that in the control group (16.60%), and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=6.94, P=0.008); the detection rate of abnormal ECG in the noise group was 14.13%, which was higher than that in the control group (8.58%), and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=9.11, P=0.003). Conclusion Long-term noise exposure has a systemic impact on the human body, so comprehensive prevention and control measures should be taken to effectively protect the health of noise-exposed workers.