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Does a Mediterranean diet reduce the mortality risk associated with diabetes: evidence from the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study |
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| Authors: | Hodge A M English D R Itsiopoulos C O'Dea K Giles G G |
| Affiliation: | a University of Melbourne, Department of Medicine, St Vincent’s Hospital, PO Box 2900, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia b Centre for MEGA Epidemiology, School of Population Health, The University of Melbourne, Level 1, 723 Swanston St, VIC 3010, Australia c The Cancer Council Victoria, Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, 1 Rathdowne Street, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia d Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia e Nutrition and Dietetics Discipline, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, ACT 2061, Australia |
| Abstract: | Background and aimsDiabetes is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), yet southern European migrants to Australia with high rates of type 2 diabetes have relatively low CVD mortality. Our aim was to determine whether a Mediterranean style diet could reduce mortality in people with diabetes.Methods and resultsParticipants included 16,610 males and 23,860 females from the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study; 25% were born in Greece or Italy, and 2150 had previously been diagnosed with diabetes or had elevated blood glucose at baseline (1990-94). Data on demographic, behavioral and physical risk factors were also collected. A personal Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS) was calculated using data from a validated 121-item food frequency questionnaire. Total and CVD mortality data were available up to 2003.Diabetes (new and known) at baseline, was associated with total mortality (men HR 1.43, 95%CI 1.26-1.62; women HR 1.86 95%CI 1.58-2.18), and CVD mortality (men HR 1.53, 95%CI 1.21-1.94; women HR 2.10 95%CI 1.48-2.97) in multivariate models. There was no evidence that glucose tolerance modified the associations between MDS and total or CVD mortality (p interaction all > 0.16). The HRs for total mortality per unit of MDS were 0.96 (95% CI 0.93-0.99) in men and 0.94 (95% CI 0.92-0.97) in women. The HRs for CVD mortality per unit of MDS were 0.94 (95% CI 0.89-0.99) in men and 0.94 (95% CI 0.87-1.01) in women.ConclusionOur results add to the evidence supporting the benefit of a Mediterranean style diet for people with type 2 diabetes. |
| Keywords: | Mediterranean diet score Type 2 diabetes mellitus Mortality Cardiovascular mortality |
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