维持性血液透析患者抑郁状态分析及不同干预方法的护理效果

目的调查维持性血液透析患者的抑郁症状发生情况,试用有针对性的心理护理措施,探索减轻患者抑郁、焦虑程度的可能性,为提高患者生存质量提供有效的护理对策。方法选择本院进行维持性血液透析的患者60例,随机分为3组,分别采用音乐干预护理和心理干预护理并观察干预效果,对照组采用常规护理方法进行,未进行音乐干预和心理干预。结果维持性血液透析患者中抑郁症状的发生率为59.5%,音乐疗法组与对照组相比,SDS评分及SCL-90评分下降,治疗干预后较未干预时SDS评分及SCL-90评分明显下降;音乐疗法组与对照组相比,SDS评分（54.30±11.21）vs（62.45±8.55）,P〈0.01]及SCL-90评分（160.95±48.63）vs（169.70±64.12）,P〈0.01]下降,治疗干预后较未干预时SDS评分（54.30±11.21）vs（71.70±10.44）,P〈0.01]及SCL-90评分（160.95±48.63）vs（175.15±49.94）,P〈0.01]明显下降;团体心理治疗组与对照组相比,SDS评分及SCL-90评分下降,治疗干预后较未干预时SDS评分及SCL-90评分明显下降。但音乐疗法组与团体心理治疗组之间在干预前后均无显著性差异（P〉0.05）。结论 ：音乐疗法和团体心理治疗可明显改善患者的抑郁状态。

Maintenance hemodialysis patients with depression and different analysis of the effect of nursing interventions

Objective To investigate the occurrence of depressive symptoms in patients with maintenance hemodialysis case,the trial of targeted psychological care measures to reduce depression in patients with exploration,the possibility of anxiety,to improve the quality of life of patients to provide effective nursing.Methods Sixty cases maintenance hemodialysis patients in our hospital were randomly divided into three groups,they were used music intervention and nursing care respectively,and psychological intervention intervention effects were observed,the control group used conventional methods of care,with no the music intervention and psychological intervention.Results The incidence of depressive symptoms in maintenance hemodialysis patients was 59.5%,compared with the control group,SDS score and SCL-90 score decreased after the intervention music in therapy group,compared with no treatment intervention,SDS score and SCL-90 score was significantly decreased;music therapy group compared with the control group,SDS score (54.30±11.21) vs(62.45±8.55),P < 0.01] and SCL-90 score (160.95 ± 48.63) vs(169.70±64.12),P < 0.01] decreased after the treatment intervention,SDS scores((54.30±11.21) vs(71.70±10.44),P < 0.01] and SCL-90 score (160.95±48.63) vs(175.15±49.94),P < 0.01] in music therapy group decreased more significantly than the non-intervention;psychotherapy group and control group comparison,SDS scores and SCL-90 score decreased after treatment compared with no intervention,intervention SDS score and SCL-90 score was significantly decreased.But between music therapy group and group psychotherapy group before and after intervention,there were no significant difference(P > 0.05).Conclusion Music therapy and group psychotherapy can significantly improve the patient’s depression.