浅层吸痰法对人工气道患者气道黏膜影响的研究

目的探讨人工气道不同吸痰方法对患者的影响。方法将2010年1月～2011年8月在本院ICU行人工气道患者,根据建立人工气道的日期进行分组,单号建立为观察组,运用浅层吸痰法,双号建立为对照组,运用常规吸痰法。通过两组吸痰方法的比较,观察两组患者吸痰操作时的患者状态及气道损伤情况。将两组患者得出的数据进行统计学分析。结果两组患者的研究指标有显著差异;常规吸痰法造成患者气道黏膜损伤的例数较多,吸痰管插入长度较深,对气管产生的刺激较大,引起患者明显的烦躁及呛咳较多。两种吸痰方法在患者的刺激、气道损伤等方面,观察组优于对照组（P〈0.05、P〈0.01）。结论浅层吸痰法可以避免或降低对建立人工气道患者的气道损伤,减少对患者的刺激,提高人工气道疗效,减低并发症,有效地提高患者的人工气道护理质量,是建立了人工气道患者的一种较为理想的、人性化的吸痰方法,值得临床推广及应用。

Study on shallow suction method of artificial airway patients airway mucosa impact

Objective To explore effects of different ways of sputum aspiration on artificial airway patients.Methods Artificial airway patients from January 2010 to August 2011 in our hospital ICU were divided into two groups based on the establishment of artificial airway date,patients of odd number were the observation group,using shallow suction method,patients of even number as the control group,using conventional sputum suction method.The patients’ status and airway injury of two groups were observed in the sputum suction operation.Data of two groups underwent statistical analysis.Results The studied indexes of two groups have significant differences;conventional sputum suction method caused more airway mucosal injury,insertion of sputum suction tube was deeper,produced bigger stimulation on tracheal,caused more marked irritability and cough in patients.In terms of stimulation and airway injury,the observation group was better than the control group,(P < 0.05,P < 0.01).Conclusion Shallow suction method can avoid or reduce airway injury of artificial airway patients,reduce the stimulation to the patients,improve curative effect,reduce the incidence of complications,effectively improve the nursing quality to patients’ artificial airway,is an ideal,humane method of sputum suction in patients of artificial airway,and it is worthy of clinical application and promotion.