洞庭湖区围栏封洲禁牧控制血吸虫病效果

目的观察洞庭湖区实施围栏封洲禁牧控制血吸虫病的效果。方法选择洞庭湖区沅江市冯家湾村为观察试点,调查围栏封洲禁牧前后人、畜、钉螺血吸虫感染率,家畜传染源数量和饲养方式,洲滩野粪分布,水体感染性,人畜在洲滩的活动情况,实施成本及其经济效益。结果围栏封洲禁牧2～5年后,人、畜、钉螺血吸虫感染率分别下降了88.89%、100%、100%,耕牛数量减少了73.60%,敞放饲养户减少了100%,舍饲圈养户增加了88.58%,人畜在洲滩的活动及污染减少,水体安全性增强,滩地生态经济效益提高了15%～20%。结论围栏封洲禁牧对控制湖区血吸虫病疫情具有积极作用。

Effect of marshland isolation and grazing prohibition on schistosomiasis control in Dongting Lake region

Objective To evaluate the effect of marshland isolation and grazing prohibition on schistosomiasis control in Dongting Lake region.MethodsFengjiawan Village of Yuanjiang City in Dongting Lake region was chosen as an observed object.The schistosomiasis infection rates of residents,cattle and Oncomelania snails,the number and feeding way of cattle as origin of infection,the status of animal excrement in the bottomland,the infectivity of water body,the activities of residents and cattle around the marshland isolation and grazing prohibition time,and the costs and economic benefits were investigated.ResultsAfter performing the measure for 2-5 years,the infection rates of residents,cattle and snails dropped by 88.89%,100% and 100%,respectively,the number of cattle decreased by 73.60%,the proportion of families in grazing way decreased by 100% and those in stable breeding way increased by 88.58%,the activities and contaminations of residents and cattle in flood-plain obviously reduced with water security improving,and the ecological economic benefits in the bottomland increased by 15%-20%.ConclusionThe measure of marshland isolation and grazing prohibition can play a positive role in promoting the schistosomiasis control in Lake regions.