基于ERP情绪状态对工作记忆刷新功能影响研究

近年来,情绪对工作记忆的建设作用正逐步受到关注,尤其是情绪对工作记忆中央执行系统刷新功能的影响至关重要。组织16名青年受试者参与动态工作记忆任务实验,探讨积极、中性和消极三类不同情绪状态对工作记忆刷新功能的影响。实验首先采用国际情绪图片系统(IAPS)使受试者分别进入三类情绪状态,随后执行4个数字的动态工作记忆任务。结果发现,积极情绪状态下工作记忆刷新时间显著增长(积极情绪状态:(1.016±0.338) s;中性情绪状态:(0.814±0.347) s, P<0.05);刷新ERP在额中央部N2幅值显著小于中性情绪;工作记忆刷新的后期(400～1 000 ms),在频带13～30 Hz处的能量降低显著低于中性情绪。消极情绪状态下工作记忆刷新时间与中性情绪无显著差异;工作记忆刷新的早期(0～400ms),在频带0～8Hz处的能量升高显著低于中性情绪。以上结果说明积极情绪对工作记忆刷新存在干扰作用,但未发现消极情绪对工作记忆刷新的显著影响。有关情绪状态影响工作记忆刷新机制的初步研究将为提高工作记忆刷新绩效提供实验依据。

Effects of Emotional State on Working Memory Updating Based on ERP

Researcher shave payed increasing attention to studies of the emotional effect on working memory, especially on the updating function of central executive system. In this paper, we discussed the effects of positive, neutral and negative emotions on updating of working memory. Sixteen subjects participated in this experiment, in which emotional pictures were firstly presented to evoke their three emotional states followed by 4 numbers running memory task. Results showed that the updating time in the positive state is significantly longer than that in the neutral state (Positive state: (1.016±0.338)s; Neutral state:(0.814±0.347)s, P<0.05), and the amplitude of N2 in parietal area was significantly smaller than that in neutral state. In the late period of working memory updating(400～1 000 ms), the energy in band 13～30 Hz decreased significantly, which was less than that in the neutral state. While no significant difference of updating time was detected between the negative state and neutral state. During the early updating(0～400 ms), the improvement of the energy in band 0～8 Hz was less than that in the neutral state. These results suggested that positive emotion impaired the updating of working memory, while no significant effect of emotion on the updating was observed in the negative states. This research provided experimental support for the improvement of the updating performance of working memory.