江苏省血吸虫病传播阻断地区流行因素监测和评价

目的了解血吸虫病传播阻断后流行因素及其特点，评价和探讨巩固监测阶段的措施与对策。方法在29个经省考核达到血吸虫病传播阻断标准的县（市、区）开展监测研究，对传染源、钉螺等流行因素进行纵向观察，并对不同的监测方法进行比较研究。结果1传染源监测表明，居民COPT阳性率为0．21％，无当地感染的粪阳病人及低年龄病例，家畜监测查病均为阴性；外来人口中COPT阳性率显著高于当地居民，外来及本地外出人口中均查获粪阳病例。2在开始监测的头5年内出现77．3％的有螺环境：查出钉螺分布在其中的16个县（市、区），占55．17％；有螺环境多为小面积复杂环境，有螺原因主要是查灭螺质量较差，同时外来扩散也不容忽视。3监测查螺方法中，以“定点查”检出率最高。结论1血吸虫病传播阻断地区疫情稳定，内源性传染源得到了有效控制，但再流行因素依然存在；2巩固监测时期，病情监测主要抓好重点流动人群和指示人群（小年龄人群）；钉螺监测在近期注重历史有螺环境，远期可注重外来输入，监测方法建议采用“定点查”结合“轮查”。

SURVEILLANCE AND ASSESSMENT ON THE PREVALENT FACTORS IN TRANSMISSION BLOCK AREAS OF SCHISTOSOMIASIS IN JIANGSU PROVINCE

Objective To explore and evaluate the prevalent factors,surveillance measure and control strategy in the transmission block areas of schistosomiasis in Jiangsu province. Methods The surveillance of schistosomiasis was carried out in 29 counties where the transmissions of schis-tosomiasis were blocked from 1982 to 1997. Restults The surveillance of infection sources showed that the positive rate of COPT of inhabitants was 0. 21%,neither stool positive case infected from local area nor low age case was found. There were all negative in domestic animals. The COPT posi-tive rate in the people coming from other place was higher than that in local residents. There were stool positive cases to be found in local residents and the migration. 77. 73% of re-detected snail ar-eas were found during first 5 years after transmission blocked. the snails were re-detected in 16 of 29counties. the most areas of detected snails cover less than 1000m2. The reasons of snails reappeared were poor quality for detection of snails. The different methods of detection of snails were com-pared,and the best method was the predetermined sites for detection snails. Conclusion The local infection sources had been controlled,but there still were the re-prevalent factors. The focal point of the schistosomiasis surveillance would be in the fluid populations and children. When transmis-sions of schistosomiaisis were blocked, the snail-infested environments in the past would be the stress of surveillance in the short-term. The import of snails from other place would be stress in the forward too. It is suggested that the method of the detected snail that combined the predetermined sites with the taken turns would be used to surveillance.