农村艾滋病流行区高三学生艾滋病知识和态度研究

目的了解艾滋病流行区高中毕业生对艾滋病问题的知识和态度,探索适合农村青少年预防控制艾滋病和减少歧视的教育措施。方法选取安徽省某县高三学生767人,进行问卷调查。结果高三学生对艾滋病传播途径和非传播途径知识的总体知晓率达到76.92%,但共用剃须刀传播艾滋病和蚊虫叮咬不传播艾滋病知识知晓率偏低,且女生明显低于男生。高三学生获得艾滋病相关知识的主要来源为广播电视、学校教师和报刊杂志。只有9.3%的人感觉自己处于感染艾滋病的危险中,对艾滋病病人的态度90%以上的人认为值得同情,大多数人能容忍和艾滋病病人/感染者进行一般性接触,但对于和艾滋病人较为密切的接触则显示出较高的不可接受性,且女生尤为明显。结论农村中学应深入开展形式多样和有针对性的预防艾滋病健康教育,以提高艾滋病的知晓率,消除对艾滋病病人的歧视,从而控制艾滋病的蔓延。

AIDS Knowledge and Attitude of High School Students in AIDS Epidemic Rural Areas

Objective To identify the level of knowledge and attitude towards AIDS among seniors of high school in AIDS epidemic rural areas, and to develop education measures to prevent and control AIDS and decrease the discrimination of HIV infetors.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 767 seniors in AIDS epidemic rural area of Anhui Province.Results About 76.92% students gave correct answers to all relevant questions.However,the proportions of giving correct answers to the possibility of transmission by mosquito bites and sharing shaves were rather low,and male students were more likely to be correct than female students.They received AIDS knowledge mainly from radio,TV,teachers and periodicals.Only 9.% seniors thought themselves exposing in the risks of AID/SHIV,over 90% of them gave sympathy to AIDS patients,and most of them can accept normal communication with AIDS Patients or HIV infectors.All subjects,especially in the female,discriminated against AIDS patients or HIV infectors.Conclusion It is necessary to develop the pertinent health education programs in high school in rural areas in order to increase the knowledge of HIV/AIDS and decrease discrimination against AIDS patients or HIV infectors.