术前减黄治疗肝门部胆管癌的临床研究

目的 探讨术前减黄治疗肝门部胆管癌的临床价值.方法 选取2005年1月-2015年12月在武汉大学人民医院接受手术治疗的肝门部胆管癌患者52例,按照术前是否行减黄治疗分为两组:减黄组24例,术前行减黄治疗;未减黄组28例,直接行手术治疗.比较两组患者手术时间,术中出血量,住院时间,围手术期肝功能变化情况,术后并发症发病率,肿瘤复发率,1、3、5年生存率等指标.采用SPSS 19.0软件进行统计学分析.对两组患者术后采用电话、门诊检查或住院复查等随访方式,随访时间8 ～ 60个月.结果 减黄组住院时间较未减黄组延长,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).两组手术时间、术中出血量、术后复发率、术后并发症发病率(包括胆瘘、出血、发热、胸腔积液、腹腔感染、伤口感染、肺部感染、肝功能衰竭等),差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).减黄组减黄前丙氨酸氨基转移酶为(98.0±51.7) U/L、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶为(94.2 ±44.2) U/L、总胆红素为(177.5 ±64.1) μmol/L、直接胆红素为(160.2 ±61.9) μmol/L;减黄后丙氨酸氨基转移酶为(71.2±13.8) U/L、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶为(60.0±12.1) U/L、总胆红素为(93.5±20.7) μmol/L、直接胆红素为(76.3±18.1) μmol/L,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).减黄前后白蛋白差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).减黄组随访患者21例,未减黄组随访患者25例,其他失访.两组患者术后1、3、5年生存率差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 术前减黄可在一定程度上改善肝门部胆管癌患者肝功能情况.但对于一般情况较好的患者,术前减黄并不能改善患者的预后,故不推荐常规术前减黄.

Preoperative biliary drainage on the effect of surgical treatment for hilar cholangiocarcinoma

Objective To investigate the preoperative biliary drainage on the effect of surgical treatment for hilar cholangiocarcinoma patients.Methods A total of 52 hilar cholangiocarcinoma patients who underwent resection operation in Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University from January 2005 to December 2015 were divided into preoperative biliary drainage group (24 cases) and non-preoperative biliary drainage group (28 cases).To compare the operation time,intraoperative blood loss,hospital stay,perioperative changes in liver function,and incidence of postoperative complications,tumor recurrence rate,1-,3-,and 5-year survival rate and some other indicators.The data was analyzed using SPSS 19.0 software.The patients of two groups were followed up by telephone,out-patient review and hospital examination.Patients were followed up for 8-60 monthes.Results The hospital stay for biliary drainage group was longer than that in non-preoperative biliary drainage group and the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).The differences of operation time,intraoperative blood loss,postoperative tumor recurrence rate,postoperative complications (including bile leakage,blooding,fever,pleural effusion,abdominal infection,wound infection,pulmonary infection,liver failure and some others) and 1-,3-,and 5-year survival rate were not statistically significant (P ＞ 0.05).Alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase,total bilirubin and direct bilirubin in preoperative biliary drainage group before biliary drainage were(98.0 ± 51.7) U/L,(94.2 ± 44.2) U/L,(177.5 ± 64.1) μmol/L and (160.2 ± 61.9) μmol/L,respectively,and after biliary drainage were (71.2 ± 13.8) μmol/L,(60.0 ± 12.1) μmol/L,(93.5 ± 20.7) μmol/L and (76.3 ± 18.1) μmol/L,respectively.The differences of the above parameters before and after biliary drainage were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).However,the changes of albumin before and after biliary drainage were not significant (P ＞ 0.05).The follow-up patients of biliary drainage group were 21 cases and the follow-up patients of non-preoperative biliary drainage group were 25 cases.The differences of 1-,3-,and 5-year survival rate between the two groups were not statistically significant (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Preoperative biliary drainage for hilar cholangiocarcinoma patients may improve the liver function to a certain extent.However,preoperative biliary drainage cannot improve the prognosis of the hilar cholangiocarcinoma patients.Therefore preoperative biliary drainage is not suggested for patients with good general conditions.